中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 699-703.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.06.013

• 媒介生物传染病 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古自治区2013—2022年布氏田鼠疫源地动物鼠疫流行病学分析

韩冰1, 李建云1, 张大禹1, 刘慧杰2, 郭文秀3, 张忠兵1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心科研培训科/鼠疫防控科, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010080;
    2. 通辽市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科, 内蒙古 通辽 028000;
    3. 呼和浩特市国际旅行卫生保健中心, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-20 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2024-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘慧杰,E-mail:497407512@qq.com;张忠兵,E-mail:zzb668-db@163.com
  • 作者简介:韩冰,女,硕士,主管检验师,主要从事鼠疫流行病学研究,E-mail:657194852@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    基于健康促进控制高危人群鼠疫危险因素的行为干预研究(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-2021-002-02-10)

Epidemiological analysis of animal plague in the plague foci of Lasiopodomys brandtii in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, 2013-2022

HAN Bing1, LI Jian-yun1, ZHANG Da-yu1, LIU Hui-jie2, GUO Wen-xiu3, ZHANG Zhong-bing1   

  1. 1. Scientific Research and Training Section/Plague Prevention and Control Department, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010080, China;
    2. Physical and Chemical Laboratory, Tongliao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China;
    3. Hohhot International Travel Health Care Center, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, China
  • Received:2023-12-20 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2024-12-20
  • Supported by:
    Behavioral Intervention to Control Plague Risk Factors in High Risk Population Based on Health Promotion (No. KFJ-STS-ZDTP-2021-002-02-10)

摘要: 目的 分析内蒙古自治区(内蒙古)布氏田鼠鼠疫疫源地(布氏田鼠疫源地)内动物鼠疫流行特点,为制定鼠疫防控策略提供科学依据。方法 收集2013-2022年内蒙古布氏田鼠疫源地内监测数据,计算布氏田鼠密度、夜行鼠捕获率、媒介染蚤率、病原学和血清学阳性率、年度变化百分比,采用Joinpoint regression prongram 3.4.3软件的joinpoint回归分析对鼠密度、捕获率、染蚤率做趋势分析。结果 2013-2022年内蒙古布氏田鼠疫源地内布氏田鼠平均密度为2.36只/hm2,鼠密度呈下降趋势,APC=-21.69%,趋势分析各年密度差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.133,P=0.014);夜行鼠平均捕获率为1.27%,夜行鼠捕获率有下降趋势,APC=-4.75%,年度差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.136,P=0.289);布氏田鼠平均染蚤率为33.96%,蚤指数为0.86,染蚤率略有下降趋势,APC=-5.48%,年度差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.292,P=0.233);病原学检验各种宿主动物共19 593只,检出染疫动物6只,均为长爪沙鼠,阳性率0.03%。结论 布氏田鼠疫源地内布氏田鼠数量和分布呈现下降趋势,长爪沙鼠鼠疫流行处于活跃期,今后需做好常规监测,及时发现并控制动物疫情,有效降低动物间鼠疫流行强度和人间鼠疫感染风险。

关键词: 布氏田鼠鼠疫疫源地, 鼠疫, 流行特点

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of animal plague in the plague foci of Lasiopodomys brandtii in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia), China, so as to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of plague prevention and control strategies. Methods The surveillance data in the plague foci of L. brandtii in Inner Mongolia during 2013-2022 were collected. The density of L. brandtii, capture rate of nocturnal rodents, flea infestation rate of vectors, etiological and serological positive rates, and annual percentage change (APC) were calculated. The joinpoint regression analysis of Joinpoint regression program 3.4.3 software was used for trend analysis of density, capture rate, and flea infestation rate. Results During 2013-2022, the mean density of L. brandtii in the plague foci of L. brandtii in Inner Mongolia was 2.36 inds/hm2, and the density showed a decreasing trend and an APC of -21.69%, with a significant difference in annual densities as shown by the trend analysis (Z=-3.133, P=0.014). The mean capture rate of nocturnal rodents was 1.27%, and the capture rate showed a decreasing trend and an APC of -4.75%, with no significant annual difference (Z=-1.136, P=0.289). The mean flea infestation rate of L. brandtii was 33.96%, with a flea index of 0.86, and the flea infestation rate showed a decreasing trend and an APC of -5.48%, with no significant annual difference (Z=-1.292, P=0.233). A total of 19 593 host animals were examined etiologically, and 6 animals tested positive for Yersiniapestis, all of whom were Meriones unguiculatus, showing a positive rate of 0.03%. Conclusions The number and distribution of L. brandtii showed a decreasing trend in the plague foci of L. brandtii, and the plague epidemic of M. unguiculatus was in an active stage. Routine surveillance should be strengthened to detect and control the animal epidemic in time and effectively reduce the epidemic strength of animal plague and the risk of human plague infection.

Key words: Lasiopodomys brandtii plague foci, Plague, Epidemic characteristics

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