2023年云南省部分地区蚊虫种类及蚊媒病毒调查研究

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.05.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查云南省部分地区2023年蚊虫种类及虫媒病毒携带情况,为蚊媒传染病防控提供依据。方法 2023年7—8月在云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州开远市、玉溪市华宁县和元江哈尼族彝族傣族自治县3个地区采集蚊虫,将蚊虫分类鉴定后,采用荧光定量PCR法筛查多种蚊媒病毒,采用普通PCR扩增蚊媒病毒靶基因,利用生物信息学软件对病毒序列进行分析。结果采集蚊虫4属5种共9 060只,其中三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种,占捕获总数的50.30%,中华按蚊次之,占33.77%,致倦库蚊、骚扰阿蚊和刺扰伊蚊较少,分别占5.96%、2.98%和2.98%。从开远市、华宁县检测出10株流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）病毒,批阳性率为3.31%,未检出其他病毒。对开远市和华宁县8株乙脑病毒的NS1基因序列构建系统进化树及核苷酸与氨基酸同源性分析,发现均属于基因Ⅰ型乙脑病毒。结论云南省不同被调查地区的优势蚊种各不相同,开远市和华宁县以三带喙库蚊为主,元江县以中华按蚊为主。首次在开远市和华宁县分离到乙脑病毒,从病原学上证实2地是乙脑流行区,应加强蚊虫监测与防制工作。

关键词: 蚊虫种类, 虫媒病毒, 流行性乙型脑炎病毒, 云南省

Abstract: Objective To investigate mosquito species and mosquito-borne viruses in some areas of Yunnan Province, China in 2023, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Methods Mosquitoes were collected in Kaiyuan City (in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture) and Huaning County and Yuanjiang Hani, Yi, and Dai Autonomous County (in Yuxi City) of Yunnan Province from July to August 2023. After species identification, the mosquitoes were examined for various viruses by quantitative PCR. The target virus gene was amplified by conventional PCR, and the virus sequences were analyzed using bioinformatics software. Results A total of 9 060 mosquitoes belonging to 5 species of 4 genera were collected, among which Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant mosquito species, accounting for 50.30% of the total number of mosquitoes caught, followed by Anopheles sinensis, accounting for 33.77%, Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus and Aedes vexans were less, accounting for 5.96%,2.98% and 2.98% respectively. Ten strains of Japanese encephalitis virus were detected in mosquitoes from Kaiyuan City and Huaning County, with a positive rate of 3.31%. No other viruses were detected. According to the NS1 gene-based phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide and amino acid homology analysis of 8 strains of Japanese encephalitis virus from Kaiyuan City and Huaning County, they all belonged to Japanese encephalitis virus genotype Ⅰ. Conclusions In this investigation, Kaiyuan city and Huaning County were dominated by Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Yuanjiang County was dominted by An. sinensis. Japanese encephalitis virus was for the first time isolated from mosquitoes in Kaiyuan City and Huaning County, indicating that the two places are epidemic areas of Japanese encephalitis, so surveillance and control should be strengthened.

Key words: Mosquito species, Arbovirus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Yunnan Province

中图分类号:

R184.31

张娟, 王婷婷, 普舒伟, 范芝宏, 毛梦菊, 蒋雪莹, 李文东, 周晓梅. 2023年云南省部分地区蚊虫种类及蚊媒病毒调查研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2024, 35(5): 616-620.

ZHANG Juan, WANG Ting-ting, PU Shu-wei, FAN Zhi-hong, MAO Meng-ju, JIANG Xue-ying, LI Wen-dong, ZHOU Xiao-mei. An investigation of mosquito species and mosquito-borne virus in some areas of Yunnan Province, China, 2023[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2024, 35(5): 616-620.

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