江苏省徐州市2013—2022年恙虫病流行特征与空间聚集性分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.05.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析江苏省徐州市恙虫病分布特征,为制定科学有效的防控策略和措施提供理论依据。方法恙虫病报告发病数据和人口数据来源于“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”,采用描述流行病学方法,对徐州市2013—2022年恙虫病发病水平和趋势变化进行统计分析；采用集中度法和圆形分布法分析恙虫病的高发季节和时间；利用ArcGIS 10.3软件绘制可视化地区分布图；利用GeoDa 1.14软件进行空间自相关分析。结果 2013—2022年徐州市累计报告恙虫病病例259例,年平均报告发病率为0.30/10万；人群分类以农民为主（230/259,88.80%）,其次为家务及待业（8/259,3.09%）和工人（6/259,2.32%）；报告病例年龄主要集中在40～<80岁（225/259,86.87%）,其中60～<70岁年龄组最多（80/259,30.89%）；发病具有明显的季节性,每年10—11月高发（243/259,93.82%）,圆形分布模型分析结果推断11月2日为发病高峰日,发病高峰期为10月10日—11月25日；年平均发病率全局自相关Moran's I>0（P<0.05）,局部自相关结果提示,邳州市为“高-高”聚集区、睢宁县为“高-低”聚集区。结论徐州市恙虫病报告发病有明显的季节性,属于秋季型疫区；报告发病率随年龄增长整体呈上升趋势；恙虫病报告发病主要集中在徐州市东部3个县（市、区）,应适时做好重点人群健康宣教工作和重点地区媒介生物控制工作。

关键词: 恙虫病, 流行特征, 空间自相关, 时空聚集性

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial distribution of scrub typhus in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, so as to provide a theoretical basis for formulating scientific and effective prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods Based on the data on reported scrub typhus cases and population data from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, the incidence and trend of scrub typhus were described in Xuzhou from 2013 to 2022 by using descriptive epidemiological methods; the peak season and time of scrub typhus were determined by using the concentration method and circular distribution method; the regional distribution of scrub typhus was visualized with the use of ArcGIS 10.3 software; and spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted with the use of GeoDa 1.14 software. Results A total of 259 cases of scrub typhus were reported in Xuzhou from 2013 to 2022, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 0.30/100 000. By occupation, the patients were mainly farmers (230/259, 88.80%), followed by homemakers and the unemployed (8/259, 3.09%), and workers (6/259, 2.32%). By age, the reported cases were mainly concentrated in the age group of 40 to <80 years (225/259, 86.87%), most common in the age group of 60 to <70 years (80/259, 30.89%). Remarkable seasonality was observed in the incidence of scrub typhus, which was higher during October to November of each year (243/259, 93.82%). The circular distribution model suggested that November 2 was the peak day of the incidence of scrub typhus, with the peak period lasting from October 10 to November 25. The global autocorrelation Moran's I of the annual average incidence rate was >0 (P<0.05), and the local autocorrelation results indicated Pizhou as a "high-high" cluster area and Suining County as a "high-low" cluster area. Conclusions The incidence of scrub typhus shows stringent seasonality in Xuzhou, which is an autumn-type epidemic area. The reported incidence rate of scrub typhus shows an overall upward trend with age, and the reported incidence is mainly concentrated in three eastern areas of Xuzhou. It is necessary to timely carry out health education for key populations and vector control in key areas.

Key words: Scrub typhus, Epidemic characteristic, Spatial autocorrelation, Spatiotemporal clustering

中图分类号:

周强, 苗雨阳, 张雯. 江苏省徐州市2013—2022年恙虫病流行特征与空间聚集性分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2024, 35(5): 552-556.

ZHOU Qiang, MIAO Yu-yang, ZHANG Wen. Epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering patterns of scrub typhus in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, 2013-2022[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2024, 35(5): 552-556.

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