安徽省2019—2022年传疟媒介监测结果分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.04.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解安徽省传疟媒介种群分布、密度、季节消长和夜间活动规律,为疟疾输入再传播风险评估及防控策略制定提供参考。方法 2019—2022年在安徽省20个监测点分别采用诱蚊灯法和双层叠帐人诱法开展媒介蚊虫种群和密度监测,对监测结果进行描述性分析,使用Kruskal-Wallis H检验对不同生境、不同时间捕获按蚊数进行比较,两组间进一步比较采用Bonferroni法。结果 2019—2022年采用诱蚊灯法和双层叠帐人诱法分别捕获按蚊31 322只和12 306只,形态学鉴定均为中华按蚊；各年度不同生境捕获中华按蚊数差异有统计学意义（均P<0.001）,其中牲畜房捕获中华按蚊数最多；双层叠帐人诱法监测的中华按蚊密度高峰出现在6—8月,呈单峰型。各地貌区中华按蚊密度由低到高依次为淮北平原[0.32只/（人·h）]、沿江平原[1.63只/（人·h）]、江淮丘陵[1.73只/（人·h）]和皖南山区[2.13只/（人·h）]；各地貌区中华按蚊夜间活动高峰时段不同,淮北平原、沿江平原中华按蚊夜间活动高峰出现在20:00—<22:00,江淮丘陵出现在23:00—<01:00,皖南山区出现在19:00—<21:00。结论安徽省传疟媒介以中华按蚊为优势蚊种,山区、丘陵和沿江平原中华按蚊密度较高,建议结合输入性疟疾病例分布特征,对全省再传播风险进行分层,精确指导防控措施的实施。

关键词: 疟疾, 媒介监测, 密度, 季节消长

Abstract: Objective To investigate the population distribution, density, seasonal variation, and nocturnal activity patterns of malaria vectors in Anhui Province, China, so as to provide a reference for the risk assessment of transmission of imported malaria as well as the development of prevention and control strategies. Methods From 2019 to 2022, mosquito vectors were monitored at 20 surveillance sites in Anhui Province using light trap method and human-baited double net trap (HDN) method. Descriptive analysis was performed on the surveillance results. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the number of Anopheles mosquitoes captured in different habitats and at different times, and the Bonferroni method was used for pairwise comparisons. Results From 2019 to 2022, a total of 31 322 and 12 306 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured by the light trap method and HDN method, respectively, all of which were morphologically identified as An. sinensis. The number of An. sinensis catches differed significantly between habitats in all the years (all P<0.001), with the largest number in the livestock and poultry sheds. The density of An. sinensis by HDN method showed a single peak during June to August. The densities of An. sinensis of each geomorphic area from low to high is as follows: 0.32 mosquitoes/person·h in the northern Huai River plain area, 1.63 mosquitoes/person·h in the Yangtze River plain area, 1.73 mosquitoes/person·h in the Jianghuai hilly area, and 2.13 mosquitoes/person·h in the southern Anhui mountainous area mosquitoes/person·h, respectively. The peak hours of Anopheles sinensis nocturnal activity in different geomorphological areas are different, and the peak nocturnal activity occurs at 20:00-<22:00 in the Huaibei Plain and Yanjiang Plain, 23:00-<01:00 in the Jianghuai hills, and 19:00-<21:00 in the mountainous areas of southern Anhui. Conclusions An. sinensis is the dominant species of malaria vectors in Anhui Province, and the mosquitoes are densely distributed in mountainous and hilly areas and the Yangtze River plain area. It is recommended to stratify the risk of malaria re-transmission throughout the province on the basis of vector Anonpheles surveillance results and the distribution characteristics of and imported malaria, so as to precisely guide the implementation of prevention and control measures.

Key words: Malaria, Vector Surveillance, Density, Seasonal variation

中图分类号:

姜静静, 卢宏正, 王淑琪, 许娴, 吕晓凤, 张滔, 李卫东. 安徽省2019—2022年传疟媒介监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2024, 35(4): 457-463.

JIANG Jing-jing, LU Hong-zheng, WANG Shu-qi, XU Xian, LYU Xiao-feng, ZHANG Tao, LI Wei-dong. An analysis of malaria vector surveillance results in Anhui Province, China, 2019-2022[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2024, 35(4): 457-463.

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