杭州市2017—2021年蜚蠊监测结果分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.04.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解杭州市蜚蠊在不同生境下的种类构成、密度分布及季节消长规律,为蜚蠊防制提供科学依据。方法 2017—2021年采用粘捕法对杭州市15个县（市、区）的农贸市场、餐饮行业、宾馆、超市、居民区和医院6类生境开展蜚蠊监测。使用Excel 2016和SPSS 20.0软件对监测数据进行汇总,并分析蜚蠊种类构成及密度分布,比较不同年份、不同生境下蜚蠊密度及季节消长趋势。蜚蠊密度差异进行单因素方差分析,蜚蠊侵害率及构成比差异进行χ²检验。结果 2017—2021年全市共捕获蜚蠊32 978只,平均密度为0.58只/张,平均侵害率为5.53%,其中德国小蠊为优势种,捕获量占捕获总数的99.05%。不同生境蜚蠊密度和侵害率均是农贸市场>餐饮行业>超市>宾馆>居民区>医院。蜚蠊总密度季节消长总体呈单峰趋势,高峰在11月；蜚蠊总侵害率季节消长总体呈双峰趋势,高峰在1和9月。农贸市场蜚蠊密度、侵害率季节消长趋势均呈双峰趋势,高峰均在1和11月。结论德国小蠊是杭州市蜚蠊优势种群,其中农贸市场和餐饮行业为蜚蠊防制的重点场所,蜚蠊侵害率高峰主要集中在夏秋季,密度高峰主要集中在冬季,在蜚蠊防制中,应根据不同生境蜚蠊密度和侵害率的季节消长趋势,在高峰期来临之前采取综合防制措施,控制蜚蠊密度、降低蜚蠊侵害率。

关键词: 蜚蠊, 监测, 密度, 侵害率, 季节消长, 防制

Abstract: Objective To investigate the population composition, density distribution, and seasonal fluctuations of cockroaches in different habitats in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, so as to provide a scientific basis for cockroach control. Methods From 2017 to 2021, cockroaches were monitored using the sticky trap method in six types of habitats (farmers' markets, catering industry, hotels, supermarkets, residential areas, and hospitals) in 15 counties/districts/cities of Hangzhou. Excel 2016 and SPSS 20.0 softwares were used for data collation and statistical analysis of cockroach species composition and density distribution. Density and seasonality by year and habitat were compared. One-way analysis of variance was performed to test for differences in cockroach density. The Chi-square test was conducted to compare the infestation rate and composition ratio of cockroaches. Results A total of 32 978 cockroaches were captured in the city from 2017 to 2021, with an average density of 0.58 cockroaches/trap and an average infestation rate of 5.53%. Among them, Blattella germanica was the dominant species, accounting for 99.05% of the total catches. The cockroach density and infestation rate were highest in farmers' markets, followed by catering industry, supermarkets, hotels, residential areas, and hospitals. In general, cockroach average density showed a unimodal trend, peaking in November, while the cockroach infestation rate showed a bimodal trend, with peaks in January and September, respectively. For farmers' markets, both the cockroach density and infestation rate had two peaks throughout a year, which occurred in January and November, respectively. Conclusions B. germanica was the dominant species in Hangzhou. Farmers' markets and catering industry should be the focus of cockroach control. The cockroach infestation rate mainly peaks in summer and autumn, while cockroach density mainly peaks in winter. Comprehensive control measures should be taken before the peak of cockroach activity based on seasonal fluctuations in cockroach density and the infestation rate in various habitats, so as to control the density and infestation rate of cockroaches.

Key words: Cockroach, Monitoring, Density, Infestation rate, Seasonal trend, Control

中图分类号:

R384.9

金彬彬, 韦凌娅, 段恬筱, 王英红, 许永杰, 曹阳, 金慧. 杭州市2017—2021年蜚蠊监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2024, 35(4): 447-450.

JIN Bin-bin, WEI Ling-ya, DUAN Tian-xiao, WANG Ying-hong, XU Yong-jie, CAO Yang, JIN Hui. An analysis of cockroach monitoring results in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, 2017-2021[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2024, 35(4): 447-450.

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