江西省2015－2022年登革热媒介伊蚊幼蚊监测结果分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的研究江西省登革热媒介伊蚊幼蚊的密度水平及变化趋势,为登革热防控提供理论依据。方法 2015-2022年每年5-10月,采用布雷图指数(BI)法在全省13个登革热媒介监测点进行监测,分析伊蚊幼蚊密度。利用R 4.3.1软件进行数据分析,不同容器类型的容器指数(CI)比较采用t检验,CI、房屋指数(HI)的变化趋势与BI关联性采用皮尔逊相关性分析,不同容器类型的年均CI变化情况采用 Cochran-Armitage趋势检验。用Joinpoint 5.0.2软件对年均BI值进行趋势分析。结果 2015-2022年白纹伊蚊幼蚊BI为5.88~15.36,CI为6.84 %~17.10 %,HI为4.73 %~10.69 %。除2016年略有上升外,江西省年均BI整体呈下降趋势。临时性容器的CI呈下降趋势(Z=-18.514,P<0.001),但整体水平高于永久性容器(t=-2.739,P=0.029)。伊蚊幼蚊密度季节消长呈单峰分布,BI峰值主要出现在每年的5-6月,之后呈下降趋势。CI和HI变化趋势与BI基本相同,相关系数分别为0.827(P<0.001)和0.916(P<0.001)。赣北、赣南地区的年均BI值整体高于赣中地区,且5-8月的月平均BI值均>10,9-10月的月均BI值在5~10。2019年BI值超过传播阈值的监测点次最多,月度分析显示6月超过传播阈值的监测点次最多。结论江西省白纹伊蚊密度虽整体呈下降趋势,但仍存在登革热本地传播流行风险,应加强伊蚊综合治理,降低登革热疫情发生风险。

关键词: 登革热, 白纹伊蚊, 生态学监测, 布雷图指数

Abstract: Objective To investigate the density of the dengue vector Aedes larvae and its change over time in Jiangxi Province, China, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of dengue fever.Methods During May to October in 2015-2022, the density of Aedes larvae was monitored using the Breteau index (BI) method at 13 dengue vector surveillance sites in the province. R 4.3.1 software was used for data analysis. The container index (CI) for different container types was compared using the t test. The correlation between CI and house index (HI) and BI was determined through Pearson correlation analysis. The changes in annual average CI for different container types were analyzed using the Cochran-Armitage test for trend. Joinpoint 5.0.2 software was used to test the trend in annual average BI.Results From 2015 to 2022, the BI of Ae. albopictus larvae ranged from 5.88 to 15.36, CI ranged from 6.84 % to 17.10 %, and HI ranged from 4.73 % to 10.69 %. Except for a slight increase in 2016, the annual average BI in Jiangxi Province showed a downward trend as a whole. The CI of temporary containers showed a downward trend (Z=-18.514, P<0.001), and the overall level was higher than that of permanent containers (t=-2.739, P=0.029). The seasonal fluctuation of Aedes larvaeshowed a unimodal distribution, in which BI mainly peaked during May to June and then declined in every year. CI and HI showed basically the same changing trends as BI, and the correlation coefficients were 0.827 (P<0.001) and 0.916 (P<0.001), respectively. The annual average BI in northern and southern Jiangxi Province were higher than that in central Jiangxi Province. The monthly average BI was >10 from May to August and 5-10 from September to October. The number of surveillance sites with BI exceeding the transmission threshold was largest in 2019, and the number of surveillance sites with BI exceeding the transmission threshold was largest in June.Conclusions The overall density of Ae. albopictus in Jiangxi Province shows a downward trend, but there is still a risk of local transmission of dengue fever. It is necessary to strengthen integrated control against Ae. albopictus to reduce the risk of dengue outbreaks.

Key words: Dengue fever, Aedes albopictus, Ecological surveillance, Breteau index

中图分类号:

R384.1

夏光辉, 汪如良, 刘晓青, 潘欢弘, 张天琛. 江西省2015－2022年登革热媒介伊蚊幼蚊监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2024, 35(2): 182-187.

XIA Guang-hui, WANG Ru-liang, LIU Xiao-qing, PAN Huan-hong, ZHANG Tian-chen. An analysis of surveillance results of dengue vector Aedes larvae in Jiangxi Province, China, 2015-2022[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2024, 35(2): 182-187.

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