浙江省温州市2013－2022年鼠疫宿主动物及媒介蚤类监测分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2024.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析浙江省温州市鼠疫宿主动物及媒介种群数据,了解其动态变化趋势,为鼠疫防控工作提供数据支撑。方法收集整理温州市2013-2022年鼠疫监测数据,采用描述流行病学方法分析鼠疫宿主动物及媒介的分布特征。组间率的比较采用χ²检验,采用非参数Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验进行多组间蚤指数分布比较,蚤指数的变化趋势采用Mann-Kendall时间趋势检验,染蚤率和小型哺乳动物捕获率的时间变化趋势采用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验。结果 2013-2022年温州市共捕获3目4科11属15种37 851只小型哺乳动物,总捕获率为9.44 %,以臭鼩(48.98 %)、褐家鼠(29.03 %)和黄胸鼠(9.32 %)为优势种。2013-2022年臭鼩捕获率呈上升趋势(Z=-27.408,P<0.001),褐家鼠和黄胸鼠捕获率均呈下降趋势(均P<0.001)。共梳检小型哺乳动物17 144只,染蚤动物629只,染蚤率为3.67 %,检获蚤1 962匹,蚤指数为0.11。不同小型哺乳动物染蚤率差异有统计学意义(χ²=875.254,P<0.001)。共剖检动物33 761只,均未分离到鼠疫耶尔森菌,检测36 958份血清,结果均为阴性。结论温州市动物间鼠疫疫情处于静息期,但存在鼠疫流行的风险,仍需进一步加强鼠疫监测,做好应急准备工作。

关键词: 鼠疫, 监测, 宿主动物, 媒介蚤

Abstract: Objective To analyze the changes in plague host animals and vector populations in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, so as to provide data support for plague prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution of plague hosts and vectors based on the surveillance data in Wenzhou from 2013 to 2022. The rates between groups were compared using the Chi-square test. The flea index distribution between groups was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The temporal trend of the flea index was determined using the Mann-Kendall trend test. The temporal trends of the flea infestation rate and small mammals capture rate were determined using the Cochran-Armitage trend test.Results From 2013 to 2022, a total of 37 851 small mammals were captured in Wenzhou, belonging to 15 species, 11 genera, 4 families, and 3 orders. The overall capture rate was 9.44 %. Suncus murinus (48.98 %), Rattus norvegicus (29.03 %), and R. tanezumi (9.32 %) were the dominant species. From 2013 to 2022, the capture rate of S. murinus showed an upward trend (Z=-27.408, P<0.001), while the capture rates of R. norvegicus and R. tanezumi showed a downward trend (both P<0.001). A total of 17 144 small mammals were combed, and fleas were detected in 629 small mammals (3.67 %). The total number of fleas collected was 1 962, and the flea index was 0.11. The flea infestation rate between different small mammals was significantly different (χ²=875.254, P<0.001). A total of 33 761 animals were dissected, and no Yersinia pestis was detected and all negative for a total of 36 958 serum samples.Conclusions Epizootic plague in Wenzhou is at a resting state, but the risk of plague spread remains existing. It is necessary to further strengthen plague surveillance and emergency preparedness and response.

Key words: Plague, Surveillance, Host animals, Vector fleas

中图分类号:

李江峰, 陈帅. 浙江省温州市2013－2022年鼠疫宿主动物及媒介蚤类监测分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2024, 35(2): 177-181.

LI Jiang-feng, CHEN Shuai. An analysis of surveillance data on plague host animals and vector fleas in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, 2013-2022[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2024, 35(2): 177-181.

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