安徽省合肥市2021年登革热媒介白纹伊蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性水平

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解安徽省合肥市登革热媒介白纹伊蚊对常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性水平,为科学防治媒介伊蚊及规范制定杀虫剂使用管理策略提供科学依据。方法采用幼虫浸渍法和成蚊接触筒法测定白纹伊蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性水平。采用SPSS 22.0软件Probit模块对生物测定数据进行分析,获得毒力回归方程、卡方值、半数致死浓度（LC₅₀）及95％置信区间（CI）等,并计算死亡率和抗性倍数,判断抗性水平。结果合肥市白纹伊蚊幼虫对残杀威、双硫磷、敌敌畏、毒死蜱、苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种（Bti）、氯菊酯、溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯8种杀虫剂的LC₅₀值分别是2.984、0.015、0.055、0.004、0.037（259 ITU/L）、0.235、0.103和0.019 mg/L,抗性倍数分别为8.29、9.25、0.91、0.33、0.84、117.79、257.50和21.13；合肥市白纹伊蚊幼虫对Bti、敌敌畏和毒死蜱的抗药性仍为敏感水平,对残杀威和双硫磷为低抗水平,对高效氯氰菊酯为中抗水平,而对氯菊酯和溴氰菊酯为高抗水平。合肥市白纹伊蚊成蚊对杀螟硫磷和溴氰菊酯产生了抗药性（24 h死亡率分别为21.43%和71.60%）,对毒死蜱和虫威均敏感（24 h死亡率均为100%）,对氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯、残杀威和马拉硫磷均为可能抗性。结论毒死蜱可用于成蚊防治,双硫磷和Bti可作为幼蚊防治首选杀虫剂；虫威可与敏感型菊酯类联合或复配在重点区域进行成蚊控制,总体上应减少使用菊酯类和杀螟硫磷,以延缓蚊虫对其抗性水平发展并逐渐恢复敏感性。

关键词: 登革热, 白纹伊蚊, 杀虫剂抗药性, 监测, 合肥市

Abstract: Objective To investigate the resistance levels of the dengue vector Aedes albopictus collected in 2021 to commonly used insecticides in Hefei, Anhui Province, China, so as to provide a scientific basis for the control of Aedes vectors and the formulation of standardized insecticide use strategies.Methods The resistance levels of Ae. albopictus collected in 2021 to commonly used insecticides were determined using the dipping method for larvae and the WHO tube method for adult mosquitoes. Using the Probit module of SPSS 22.0 software, the data from the bioassays were analyzed for the toxicity regression equation, Chi-squared value, median lethal concentration (LC₅₀), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The mortality rate and resistance ratio were calculated to evaluated the resistance level.Results In 2021, the LC₅₀ values of propoxur, temephos, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti), permethrin, deltamethrin, and beta-cypermethrin against Ae. albopictus larvae in Hefei were 2.984, 0.015, 0.055, 0.004, 0.037 (259 ITU/L), 0.235, 0.103, and 0.019 mg/L, respectively. The resistance ratios were 8.29, 9.25, 0.91, 0.33, 0.84, 117.79, 257.50, and 21.13 times, respectively. Ae. albopictus larvae in Hefei were sensitive to Bti, dichlorvos, and chlorpyrifos, lowly resistant to propoxur and temephos, moderately resistant to beta-cypermethrin, and highly resistant to permethrin and deltamethrin. Adult Ae. albopictus mosquitoes in Hefei were resistant to fenitrothion and deltamethrin (24 h mortality: 21.43% and 71.60%, respectively), sensitive to chlorpyrifos and bendiocarb (24 h mortality: 100%), and possibly resistant to permethrin, beta-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, propoxur, and malathion.Conclusions Chlorpyrifos can be used for the control of adult Ae. albopictus, while temephos and Bti can be used as the first-choice insecticides for larval control. Bendiocarb can be combined or mixed with the sensitive pyrethroids for adult mosquito control in key environments. The use of pyrethroids and fenitrothion should be reduced to delay the development of resistance and gradually restore sensitivity.

Key words: Dengue fever, Aedes albopictus, Insecticide resistance, Surveillance, Hefei

中图分类号:

侯银续, 张燕婕, 王文君, 仰凤桃, 刘小波, 孟凤霞, 徐庆华. 安徽省合肥市2021年登革热媒介白纹伊蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性水平[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(6): 749-753.

HOU Yin-xu, ZHANG Yan-jie, WANG Wen-jun, YANG Feng-tao, LIU Xiao-bo, MENG Feng-xia, XU Qing-hua. Resistance of dengue vector Aedes albopictus to common insecticides in Hefei, Anhui Province, China, in 2021[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(6): 749-753.

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