浙江省东阳市蜱类分布及大别班达病毒携带状况调查

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.06.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解浙江省东阳市蜱类分布特点和大别班达病毒携带情况,为防制发热伴血小板减少综合征提供依据。方法于2019－2020年在东阳市山区、丘陵及盆地3种地形各设立2个镇（街道）作为监测点,采用人工布旗法在野外采集游离蜱,采用体表检蜱法收集家养动物（羊、牛、犬）和野鼠等宿主动物体表寄生蜱,对蜱标本进行种类鉴定,采用反转录实时荧光定量PCR（RT-qPCR）方法检测大别班达病毒。率的差异采用χ²检验,捕获蜱数量差异采用Fisher确切概率检验。结果调查发现东阳市有1科4属10种蜱,山区、丘陵和盆地生境不同季度捕获游离蜱数差异有统计学意义（Fisher确切概率检验P<0.001),山区明显高于盆地地区；一、二季度蜱密度明显高于三、四季度。游离蜱平均密度为30.83只/（布旗·100 m）,家养动物平均染蜱率为18.72%,蜱指数为0.94,鼠类平均染蜱率为8.59%,蜱指数为0.22；游离蜱、家养动物体表寄生蜱、鼠类体表寄生蜱优势种群有所不同,分别为长角血蜱、镰形扇头蜱和粒形硬蜱。185组794只蜱样品中未检测到大别班达病毒。结论东阳市野外环境及动物体表蜱普遍存在,且种类较为丰富,春夏季节密度较高,提示春季为灭蜱最佳时间。

关键词: 蜱, 大别班达病毒, 媒介, 宿主

Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution of ticks and the carrying status of (SFTSV) in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province, China, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.Methods In 2019-2020, two towns (subdistrict) were set as monitoring sites in each of the mountainous, hilly, and basin areas of Dongyang. The artificial drag-flag method was used to collect free-living ticks in the wild. Parasitic ticks on the body surface of host animals, such as domestic animals (sheep, cattle, and dog) and field mice, were collected by tick inspection on the body surface of animals. Tick specimens were identified. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect SFTSV. The difference in rates was analyzed by the Chi-square test. The difference in the number of captured ticks was analyzed by the Fisher’s exact test.Results There were 10 species of ticks belonging to 4 genera and 1 family in Dongyang. There was statistically difference in the number of free-living ticks caught in different seasons in mountainous, hilly and basin areas (P<0.001 by Fisher’s exact test), which was significantly higher in mountainous areas than in basin areas, and the tick density in the first and second quarters was significantly higher than that in the third and fourth quarters. The average density of free-living ticks was 30.83 ticks/flag·100 m. The average tick infection rate of domestic animals was 18.72%, with a tick index of 0.94, and the average tick infection rate of rodents was 8.59%, with a tick index of 0.22. The dominant populations of free-living ticks and parasitic ticks on the body surface of domestic animals and rodents were Haemaphysalis longicornis, Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, and Ixodes granulatus, respectively. No SFTSV was detected in 771 tick specimens from 251 groups.Conclusions Ticks are commonly found in the wild and on the body surface of animals in Dongyang, and the species are relatively rich. The density of ticks is high in spring and summer, suggesting that spring is the best time to kill ticks.

Key words: Tick, Bandavirus dabieense, Vector, Host

中图分类号:

郭斌, 吴爱兰, 陈康, 贾旭强, 马婧婧, 徐悦辰, 吴振华, 张静, 金旭晶. 浙江省东阳市蜱类分布及大别班达病毒携带状况调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(6): 739-743,748.

GUO Bin, WU Ai-lan, CHEN Kang, JIA Xu-qiang, MA Jing-jing, XU Yue-chen, WU Zhen-hua, ZHANG Jing, JIN Xu-jing. Distribution of ticks and the carrying status of Dabie bandavirus in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(6): 739-743,748.

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