江苏省淮安市2018－2022年成蚊种群密度与季节消长监测分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.04.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 了解江苏省淮安市2018－2022年蚊种构成、种群密度及季节消长情况，为淮安市蚊虫及蚊媒传染病防治工作提供依据。方法: 收集整理淮安市2018－2022年采用诱蚊灯法监测的成蚊密度数据，分析蚊种构成、种群密度和季节消长趋势；分别采用χ²检验和Welch方差分析对蚊种构成比、不同生境蚊密度进行分析。结果: 2018－2022年淮安市优势蚊种为淡色库蚊，年际间各蚊种构成比差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.001）；不同生境类型中除牲畜棚捕获蚊种主要为三带喙库蚊外，其他生境均以淡色库蚊为主，不同生境蚊种构成比差异有统计学意义（χ²=22 424.835，P < 0.001）；不同生境类型蚊密度以牲畜棚最高，为3.62只/（灯·h），居民区最低，为0.92只/（灯·h），Welch方差分析不同生境蚊密度差异有统计学意义（F=5.843，P=0.013）；2018－2022年淮安市蚊密度季节消长变化均表现为单峰型，2019、2020和2022年每年7月达到密度峰值，而2018年蚊密度峰值出现在8月，2021年出现在6月；不同蚊种、不同生境蚊密度季节消长趋势均呈单峰型，7月蚊密度最高。结论: 淮安市不同生境蚊种构成和蚊密度有所不同，牲畜棚蚊密度最高，是蚊虫防制的重点生境；6－9月是蚊虫活跃期，应根据蚊虫活动规律加强此阶段的蚊虫防制。

关键词: 成蚊, 蚊种构成, 密度, 季节消长

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the species composition, population density, and seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China from 2018 to 2022, so as to provide a scientific basis for the control of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Methods: The adult mosquito density data monitored by lamp trapping method in Huai'an from 2018 to 2022 were collected, and the species composition, population density, and seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes were analyzed. The mosquito species composition ratio was compared using the Chi-squared test. The mosquito density in different habitats was analyzed using Welch's analysis of variance. Results: Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant mosquito species in Huai'an from 2018 to 2022. The species composition ratio was statistically different between different years (all P < 0.001). Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant mosquito species in livestock sheds, while Cx. pipiens pallens was the dominant mosquito species in the other habitats, with a statistical difference in the species composition ratio between different habitats (χ²=22 424.835, P < 0.001). Among different habitats, the highest density was in livestock sheds with 3.62 mosquitoes/lamp·h, and the lowest density was in residential areas with 0.92 mosquitoes/lamp·h. Welch's analysis of variance showed that the mosquito density differed statistically between different habitats (F=5.843, P=0.013). The seasonal fluctuation of mosquito density in Huai'an showed a unimodal curve in each year of 2018 to 2022, with the peaks occurring in July for 2019, 2020, and 2022, in August for 2018, and in June for 2021. The seasonal fluctuation of mosquito density showed a single-peak pattern in different habitats and for different species, with the highest densities in July. Conclusions: The species composition and density of mosquitoes differed in different habitats of Huai'an. The highest mosquito density was in livestock sheds, which should be the key area for mosquito control. Mosquitoes were most active during June to September, and mosquito control should be strengthened based on mosquito activity patterns in this period.

Key words: Adult mosquito, Species composition, Density, Seasonal fluctuation

中图分类号:

R384.1

周小青, 陈夕鹏, 吕蒙蒙, 朱海洋, 罗晶, 唐勇, 蔡蓉. 江苏省淮安市2018－2022年成蚊种群密度与季节消长监测分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(4): 497-500.

Xiao-qing ZHOU, Xi-peng CHEN, Meng-meng LYU, Hai-yang ZHU, Jing LUO, Yong TANG, Rong CAI. Adult mosquito population density and seasonal fluctuation in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China, 2018-2022[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(4): 497-500.

图/表 6

表 1 江苏省淮安市2018－2022年捕蚊数量及蚊种构成比

Table 1 The numbers and species composition ratios of adult mosquitoes caught in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, 2018-2022

图 1 2018－2022年江苏省淮安市不同生境蚊虫种类构成

Fig. 1 The mosquito species composition ratios of different habitats in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, 2018-2022

表 2 2018－2022年江苏省淮安市不同生境各蚊种种群密度[只/（灯·h）]

Table 2 The density of different mosquito species in different habitats in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, 2018-2022 (mosquitoes/lamp·h)

表 3 2018－2022年3－11月江苏省淮安市蚊密度[只/（灯·h）]

Table 3 The mosquito density in Huai'an, Jiangsu, March to November of 2018-2022 (mosquitoes/lamp·h)

图 2 2018－2022年江苏省淮安市不同蚊种密度季节消长

Fig. 2 The seasonal fluctuation of density of different mosquito species in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, 2018-2022

图 3 2018－2022年江苏省淮安市不同生境蚊密度季节消长

Fig. 3 The seasonal fluctuation of mosquito density in different habitats in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, 2018-2022

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