云南省亚洲长翼蝠（Miniopterus fuliginosus）体表寄生虫感染情况分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.03.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解云南省境内部分地区亚洲长翼蝠体表寄生虫的感染状况和相关生态规律。方法 2020－2022年期间,在云南省昆明市富民县、昆明市晋宁区、楚雄彝族自治州牟定县、曲靖市沾益区、大理白族自治州宾川县和普洱市思茅区6个采集点,使用雾网捕捉亚洲长翼蝠,之后采集其体表寄生虫并进行整理鉴定。计算亚洲长翼蝠体表寄生虫的构成比（C_r ）、感染率（P_M ）、平均多度（MA）和平均感染强度（MI）,分析感染情况；使用优势度指数（Y）判断亚洲长翼蝠体表寄生虫的优势物种；运用聚块指数（m*/m）判断优势种的空间分布类型；利用协调系数（V）分析优势种之间的相互关系。运用Fisher’s精确检验和非参数秩和检验等统计学方法分析体表寄生虫感染情况的性别差异。结果共捕捉到亚洲长翼蝠77只,在其体表收集到寄生虫498只,主要类群为革螨（C_r =33.53%,P_M=55.84%,MA=2.17,MI=3.88）和蝙蝠蝇（C_r =64.66%,P_M=93.51%,MA=4.18,MI=4.47）。优势物种为长铗蛛虱蝇（Y=0.293）和短铗蛛虱蝇（Y=0.203）。聚块指数分析表明,长铗蛛虱蝇（m*/m=1.366）和短铗蛛虱蝇（m*/m=2.460）在不同宿主个体间均呈聚集分布。协调系数分析发现,长铗蛛虱蝇与短铗蛛虱蝇之间（V=0.248,P=0.026）存在正协调关系。此外,亚洲长翼蝠性别对其总体表寄生虫、蝙蝠蝇和革螨感染率的影响差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论云南省亚洲长翼蝠体表寄生虫感染普遍,体表寄生虫物种多样性相对较低,群落结构较简单,主要为革螨和蝙蝠蝇。

关键词: 亚洲长翼蝠, 体表寄生虫, 革螨, 蝙蝠蝇, 云南

Abstract: Objective To preliminarily understand the situation of ectoparasitic infestation on Miniopterus fuliginosus in some regions of Yunnan province, China as well as related ecological patterns.Methods From 2020 to 2022, M. fuliginosus was captured by mist nets at six sampling sites (Fumin county and Jinning district in Kunming, Mouding county in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Zhanyi district in Qujing, Binchuan county in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and Simao district in Pu’er in Yunnan province), followed by ectoparasite collection for sorting and identification. The constituent ratio (C_r ), prevalence (P_M ), mean abundance (MA), and mean intensity (MI) of ectoparasites on M. fuliginosus were calculated. The dominance index (Y) was used to determine the dominant species of ectoparasites on M. fuliginosus. The patchiness index (m*/m) was used to determine the spatial distribution of dominant species. The association coefficient (V) was used to analyze the relationship between dominant species. The Fisher’s exact test and nonparametric rank sum test were used to analyze the sex difference of ectoparasitic infestation.Results A total of 77 M. fuliginosus bats were captured, with 498 ectoparasites collected from their body surfaces, which mainly included gamasid mites (C_r =33.53%, P_M=55.84%, MA=2.17, and MI=3.88) and bat flies (C_r =64.66%, P_M=93.51%, MA=4.18, and MI=4.47). The dominant species were Nycteribia allotopa (Y=0.293) and N. parvula (Y=0.203). The patchiness index analysis showed that both N. allotopa (m*/m=1.366) and N. parvula (m*/m=2.460) were distributed in an aggregated way on different host individuals. The association coefficient analysis showed a positive association between N. allotopa and N. parvula (V=0.248, P=0.026). There were no statistical differences in the prevalence rates of bat flies, gamasid mites, and all ectoparasites between male and female M. fuliginosus.Conclusions Ectoparasitic infestation was prevalent on M. fuliginosus in Yunnan province, with low species diversity and simple community structure that mainly included gamasid mites and bat flies.

Key words: Miniopterus fuliginosus, Ectoparasite, Gamasid mite, Bat fly, Yunnan province

中图分类号:

杨金颋, 黄晓宾, 王玉娟, 郭宪国, 张现政, 杨慧娟, 郑小燕. 云南省亚洲长翼蝠（Miniopterus fuliginosus）体表寄生虫感染情况分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(3): 406-411.

YANG Jin-ting, HUANG Xiao-bin, WANG Yu-juan, GUO Xian-guo, ZHANG Xian-zheng, YANG Hui-juan, ZHENG Xiao-yan. Ectoparasitic infestation on Miniopterus fuliginosus in Yunnan province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(3): 406-411.

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