内蒙古自治区3个地区布氏田鼠的种群遗传多样性及种群遗传结构研究

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2023.03.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的利用16对微卫星引物分析采自内蒙古自治区（内蒙古）3个样地（新巴尔虎右旗、东乌珠穆沁旗和锡林浩特市）共9批布氏田鼠样本群的遗传多样性。方法对2021年5、7、9月采用鼠夹法和鼠笼法采集的275只布氏田鼠用磁珠法提取DNA,用16对荧光标记的微卫星引物做PCR扩增,用GeneMarker软件获取微卫星数据,用GenAIEx 6.5、Arlequin（version 30）、structure 2.3.4等生物信息软件分析布氏田鼠的种群遗传多样性及种群遗传结构。结果 16对微卫星引物共检测到472个等位基因,多态信息含量平均值为0.821 3,香农信息指数平均值为1.812,观察杂合度波动区间为0.478～0.951,期望杂合度的波动区间为0.575～0.891,聚类分析及主成分分析表明均可以将9个布氏田鼠样本群主要按照月份划分为4个类群,4个类群的遗传多样性指标5月>7月>9月,分子方差分析表明布氏田鼠个体间的变异（88.51%）远大于类群间（5.04%）和种群间（6.45%）的变异。Mantel test结果显示布氏田鼠遗传距离和地理距离无显著相关性（R²=0.001 6）。结论此次采集的内蒙古地区布氏田鼠呈较高的遗传多样性,布氏田鼠种群的遗传变异主要存在于个体间,季节变化可能是影响布氏田鼠种群遗传结构的主要因素。

关键词: 布氏田鼠, 微卫星分子标记, 种群遗传多样性, 种群遗传结构

Abstract: Objective To analyze the genetic diversity of nine batches of Lasiopodomys brandtii rodents from three sample plots (New Barag Right banner, East Ujimqin banner, and Xilinhot city) of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia), China by using 16 pairs of microsatellite primers.Methods A total of 275 L. brandtii rodents were trapped using snaps or cages in May, July, and September of 2021. DNA was extracted from them with magnetic beads, followed by PCR amplification with 16 pairs of fluorescent-labeled microsatellite primers. The microsatellite data were obtained using GeneMarker. The genetic diversity and structure of L. brandtii populations were analyzed using GenAIEx 6.5, Arlequin (version 30), and structure 2.3.4.Results A total of 472 alleles were detected by using 16 pairs of microsatellite primers. The average polymorphic information content was 0.821 3. The average Shannon’s information index was 1.812. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.478 to 0.951. Expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.575 to 0.891. According to cluster analysis and principal component analysis, the nine L. brandtii populations could be divided into four groups by month. The genetic diversity index of the four groups was May > July > September. The analysis of molecular variance showed that the variation among individuals (88.51%) was much greater than that among the groups (5.04%) and that among the populations (6.45%). The mantel test showed no significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of L. brandtii (R²=0.001 6).Conclusions The L.brandtii populations sampled in Inner Mongolia had high genetic diversity. The genetic variation of L. brandtii populations was mainly observed among individuals. Seasonal variation could be the main factor affecting the genetic structure of L. brandtii populations.

Key words: Lasiopodomys brandtii, Microsatellite marker, Genetic diversity, Genetic structure

中图分类号:

S443

刘雨秋, 鲁亮, 刘蓬勃, 赵宁, 李贵昌, 栗冬梅, 宋秀平, 王君, 刘起勇. 内蒙古自治区3个地区布氏田鼠的种群遗传多样性及种群遗传结构研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2023, 34(3): 291-297.

LIU Yu-qiu, LU Liang, LIU Peng-bo, ZHAO Ning, LI Gui-chang, LI Dong-mei, SONG Xiu-ping, WANG Jun, LIU Qi-yong. Genetic diversity and genetic structure of Lasiopodomys brandtii populations in three regions of Inner Mongolia, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2023, 34(3): 291-297.

参考文献

[1] 蒋永恩,Nanj E,Batsaikhan N,等. 布氏田鼠栖息地特征的研究[J]. 草地学报,2012,20(1):179-182. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-0435.2012.01.028Jiang YE,Nanj E,Batsaikhan N,et al. Study on the habitat characteristics of Brandt's vole[J]. Acta Agrestia Sin,2012,20(1):179-182. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-0435.2012.01.028.(in Chinese)
[2] Bai DF,Wan XR,Li GL,et al. Factors influencing range contraction of a rodent herbivore in a steppe grassland over the past decades[J]. Ecol Evol,2022,12(2):e8546. DOI:10.1002/ece3.8546.
[3] Zhang ZB,Pech R,Davis S,et al. Extrinsic and intrinsic factors determine the eruptive dynamics of Brandt's voles Microtus brandti in Inner Mongolia,China[J]. Oikos,2003,100(2):299-310. DOI:10.2307/3548187.
[4] 王涛涛,白玛次仁,海淑珍,等. 布氏田鼠行为谱的构建[J]. 草地学报,2015,23(3):646-652. DOI:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.03.030.Wang TT,Bai MCT,Hai SZ,et al. Construction for the ethogram of Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)[J]. Acta Agrestia Sin,2015,23(3):646-652. DOI:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.03.030.(in Chinese)
[5] 李素英,李晓兵,王丹丹. 基于马尔柯夫模型的内蒙古锡林浩特典型草原退化格局预测[J]. 生态学杂志,2007,26(1):78-82Li SY,Li XB,Wang DD. Prediction of grassland degradation in Xilinhaote of Inner Mongolia based on Markov process model[J]. Chin J Ecol,2007,26(1):78-82. (in Chinese)
[6] 杨普伊,李建云,张喆. 内蒙古自治区不同类型鼠疫自然疫源地土壤金属元素含量调查分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2022,33(6):900-905. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280. 2022.06.025.Yang PY,Li JY,Zhang Z. Analysis of the content of metal elements in soil of different types of natural plague foci in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2022,33(6):900-905. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003. 8280.2022.06.025.(in Chinese)
[7] 樊振亚. 布氏田鼠鼠疫对人危害性的初步分析[J]. 中华流行病学杂志,1986,7(6):376-377. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.1986.06.136Fan ZY. Preliminary analysis of the harm of Lasiopdomys brandtii plague to human[J]. Chin J Epidemiol,1986,7(6):376-377. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.1986.06.136.(in Chinese)
[8] 张亚楠,赵钢,张大禹,等. 2001-2013年内蒙古布氏田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫监测结果分析[J]. 中华地方病学杂志,2015,34(10):765-768. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4255. 2015.10.016.Zhang YN,Zhao G,Zhang DY,et al. Analysis of monitoring results on plague of rats in Lasiopodomys brandti plague natural foci in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2013[J]. Chin J Endemiol,2015,34(10):765-768. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4255. 2015.10.016.(in Chinese)
[9] Yin BF,Li GL,Wan XR,et al. Large manipulative experiments reveal complex effects of food supplementation on population dynamics of Brandt's voles[J]. Sci China Life Sci,2017,60(8):911-920. DOI:10.1007/s11427-017-9114-9.
[10] 董维惠,侯希贤,杨玉平. 掌握草原害鼠数量变动规律开展综合防治[J]. 中国草地,2003,25(6):41-44,62. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5021.2003.06.010.Dong WH,Hou XX,Yang YP. The grasping on the law of population dynamics of rodents and carrying out the integrated control measures[J]. Grassland China,2003,25(6):41-44,62. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5021.2003.06.010.(in Chinese)
[11] 董维惠,侯希贤,杨玉平,等. 草原和农田几种主要鼠种数量动态研究及预测[J]. 中国草地学报,2008,30(5):90-95.Dong WH,Hou XX,Yang YP,et al. Studies on the population dynamics and prediction of several predominant rodents on grassland and farmland[J]. Chin J Grassland,2008,30(5):90-95. (in Chinese)
[12] 刘明,王继华,王同昌. DNA分子标记技术[J]. 东北林业大学学报,2003,31(6):65-67. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382. 2003.06.023.Liu M,Wang JH,Wang TC. DNA molecular markers[J]. J Northeast For Univ,2003,31(6):65-67. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2003.06.023.(in Chinese)
[13] Batsuren E,Zhang X,Song MJ,et al. Density-dependent changes of mating system and family structure in Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)[J]. Ecol Evol,2022,12(8):e9199. DOI:10.1002/ece3.9199.
[14] 白晓慧,蔡超,郝爽,等. 大鳞副泥鳅5个野生群体的遗传多样性分析[J]. 基因组学与应用生物学,2019,38(7):2958-2965. DOI:10.13417/j.gab.038.002958.Bai XH,Cai C,Hao S,et al. Genetic diversity analysis of five wild Paramisgurnus dabryanus populations[J]. Genomics Appl Biol,2019,38(7):2958-2965. DOI:10.13417/j.gab.038.002958.(in Chinese)
[15] 刘蓬勃,孙琬琬,王君,等. 滇西南地区埃及伊蚊种群微卫星标记筛选研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2018,29(2):130-133. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.02.004.Liu PB,Sun WW,Wang J,et al. Isolation of microsatellite markers in Aedes aegypti population from southwest Yunnan[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2018,29(2):130-133. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.02.004.(in Chinese)
[16] 姜姗,王兴亚,王小奇. 基于微卫星标记的中国东北地区灰飞虱遗传变异及种群遗传结构分析[J]. 昆虫学报,2020,63(1):73-84. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2020.01.009.Jiang S,Wang XY,Wang XQ. Genetic variation and population genetic structure of the small brown planthopper,Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera:Delphacidae),in Northeast China based on microsatellite markers[J]. Acta Entomol Sin,2020,63(1):73-84. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2020.01.009.(in Chinese)
[17] 康芬芬,李志红,杨定,等. 利用微卫星标记初步分析橘小实蝇4个地理种群的遗传多态性[J]. 昆虫知识,2006,43(3):371-374. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0452-8255.2006.03.023.Kang FF,Li ZH,Yang D,et al. Microsatellite markers for genetic polymorphism in four geographic populations of the Oriental Fruit Fly,Bactrocera dorsalis[J]. Chin Bull Entomol,2006,43(3):371-374. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0452-8255.2006.03.023.(in Chinese)
[18] Wang D,Shi DZ. Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci from Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)[J]. Mol Ecol Notes,2007,7(4):671-673. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01673.x.
[19] 牟媛媛. 布氏田鼠婚配制度初探:基于围栏种群的微卫星研究[D]. 曲阜:曲阜师范大学,2019.Mou YY. Mating system of Lasiopodomys brandti:Based on a microsatellite study & the fenced population[D]. Qufu:Qufu Normal University,2019(in Chinese)
[20] 唐男男. 增雨对布氏田鼠种群遗传多样性的影响[D]. 曲阜:曲阜师范大学,2017.Tang NN. Effect of increased rainfall on the genetic diversity of Brand's vole populations[D]. Qufu:Qufu Normal University,2017. (in Chinese)
[21] 褚翔宇. 增食对布氏田鼠种群数量及遗传多样性的效应[D]. 曲阜:曲阜师范大学,2017.Chu XY. The effect of increased feeding on the population size and genetic diversity of Brandt's vole[D]. Qufu:Qufu Normal University,2017. (in Chinese)
[22] 魏勇,胡珂,陈钰蓝,等. 白纹伊蚊微卫星标记的筛选及种群遗传研究[J]. 现代预防医学,2020,47(7):1267-1270,1290.Wei Y,Hu K,Chen YL,et al. Screening of microsatellite markers of Aedes albopictus and their application in the population genetics[J]. Mod Prev Med,2020,47(7):1267-1270,1290. (in Chinese)
[23] 张恒端. 南京市白纹伊蚊种群遗传学研究[D]. 北京:解放军军事医学科学院,2015. DOI:10.7666/d.Y2993915.Zhang HD. Study on population genetics characteristics of Aedes albopictus in Nanjing city[D]. Beijing:Academy of Military Medical Sciences,2015. DOI:10.7666/d.Y2993915.(in Chinese)
[24] Takezaki N,Nei M. Genetic distances and reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from microsatellite DNA[J]. Genetics,1996,144(1):389-399. DOI:10.1093/genetics/144.1.389.
[25] Andreassen HP,Sundell J,Ecke F,et al. Population cycles and outbreaks of small rodents:Ten essential questions we still need to solve[J]. Oecologia,2021,195(3):601-622. DOI:10.1007/s00442-020-04810-w.
[26] 赵庆华. 大仓鼠(Tscherskia triton)种群年际遗传变异与生态适应研究[D]. 曲阜:曲阜师范大学,2007. DOI:10.7666/d.Y1078164.Zhao QH. Interannual genetic variation and ecological adaptation in Tscherskia triton populations[D]. Qufu:Qufu Normal University,2007. DOI:10.7666/d.Y1078164.(in Chinese)
[27] Wang D,Guo YW,Shi DZ. Genetic structure of Brandt's vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) populations in Inner Mongolia,China,based on microsatellite analysis[J] Conserv Genet,2011,12(3):659-667. DOI:10.1007/s10592-010-0172-y.
[28] 田玉苗,盛清宇,袁立成,等. 长白山北部西伯利亚狍局域种群间的基因流[J]. 野生动物学报,2020,41(3):551-559. DOI:10.19711/j.cnki.issn2310-1490.2020.03.001.Tian YM,Sheng QY,Yuan LC,et al. Gene flow in local populations of Siberian Roe Deer (Capreolus pygargus) in the northern Changbaishan range of China[J]. Chin J Wildlife,2020,41(3):551-559. DOI:10.19711/j.cnki.issn2310-1490.2020. 03.001.(in Chinese)
[29] 曲若竹,侯林,吕红丽,等. 群体遗传结构中的基因流[J]. 遗传,2004,26(3):377-382. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0253-9772. 2004.03.022.Qu RZ,Hou L,Lyu HL,et al. The gene flow of population genetic structure[J]. Hereditas,2004,26(3):377-382. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0253-9772.2004.03.022.(in Chinese)