海口市美舍河沿岸2021年登革热媒介白纹伊蚊监测分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.06.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解海口市美舍河沿岸登革热媒介白纹伊蚊幼蚊和成蚊密度变化，为登革热防制决策提供科学依据。方法在海口市美舍河沿岸人口集中区域共设立5个调查点，2021年全年采用布雷图指数（BI）法和双层叠帐法监测登革热媒介白纹伊蚊，使用WPS 2020软件对监测结果进行汇总整理，运用SPSS 17.0软件分析BI、容器指数（CI）和帐诱指数的相关性；率的比较采用χ²检验。结果 2021年平均BI为25.33，平均CI为38.31%，5个调查点的CI差异有统计学意义（χ²=45.911，P<0.001）。白纹伊蚊成蚊平均帐诱指数为15.98只/（顶·h），城乡结合部的蚊密度>居民区>公园。5－11月为白纹伊蚊密度高峰期，9月BI达最高峰，10月成蚊密度达最高峰。BI与同期CI、帐诱指数呈正相关（r=0.720，P=0.008；r=0.709，P=0.010），CI与帐诱指数呈正相关（r=0.623，P=0.030）。不同类型积水容器中，暂时性积水容器和固定积水容器CI分别为37.91%和40.54%，差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.735，P=0.391），9类不同孳生地CI差异有统计学意义（χ²=95.097，P<0.001），其中废旧轮胎的CI值最高，为67.03%。结论美舍河沿岸白纹伊蚊密度较高，一旦出现输入性登革热病例，存在登革热本地流行的风险。建议加强环境综合整治，清除孳生地，防止蚊虫孳生。

关键词: 登革热, 白纹伊蚊, 监测, 海口市, 美舍河

Abstract: Objective To investigate the density changes of larvae and adults of dengue vector Aedes albopictus in the Meishe River basin in Haikou, Hainan province, China, and to provide scientific suggestions for the prevention and control measures of dengue fever. Methods Five surveillance sites were selected from densely populated regions of the Meishe River basin in Haikou. The Breteau index (BI) method and the double-layered mosquito net method were used to monitor the dengue vector Ae. albopictus throughout the year of 2021. WPS 2020 software was used to summarize and collate the surveillance results. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the correlation between BI, container index (CI), and net trap index. The Chi-square test was used for comparison of rates. Results The mean BI was 25.33 and CI was 38.31% in 2021. There was a statistical difference in CI between the five surveillance sites (χ²=45.911, P<0.001). The net trap index of adult Ae. albopictus was 15.98 mosquitoes/net·hour. The density of mosquitoes in different habitats was in the following order: rural-urban fringe areas>residential areas>parks. The peak of Ae. albopictus density occurred from May to November. BI reached its peak in September, and the density of adult mosquitoes reached its peak in October. BI was positively correlated with CI and net trap index in the same period (r=0.720, P=0.008; r=0.709, P=0.010); CI was positively correlated with net trap index (r=0.623, P=0.030). The CI of temporary water containers and fixed water containers were 37.91% and 40.54%, respectively, with no statistical difference (χ²=0.735, P=0.391). There was a statistical difference in CI between the nine types of breeding sites (χ²=95.097, P<0.001). Specifically, waste tires had the highest CI (67.03%). Conclusion The density of Ae. albopictus in the Meishe River basin is relatively high. Once dengue cases occur, there is a risk of local epidemic. Comprehensive environmental management should be strengthened to eliminate mosquito breeding sites to prevent mosquito infestation.

Key words: Dengue fever, Aedes albopictus, Surveillance, Haikou, Meishe River

中图分类号:

杨新艳, 钟汶兵, 林怡, 蔡芳, 刘义, 邝芝正. 海口市美舍河沿岸2021年登革热媒介白纹伊蚊监测分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(6): 823-827.

YANG Xin-yan, ZHONG Wen-bing, LIN Yi, CAI Fang, LIU Yi, KUANG Zhi-zheng. Surveillance and analysis of dengue vector Aedes albopictus in the Meishe River basin in Haikou, Hainan province, China, 2021[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(6): 823-827.

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