云南省新发野鼠鼠疫疫源地主要宿主动物、媒介蚤的物种构成和种群生态特征分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.06.008

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 809-814.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.06.008

云南省新发野鼠鼠疫疫源地主要宿主动物、媒介蚤的物种构成和种群生态特征分析

段彪¹, 张雪花², 赵彩凤², 洪梅¹, 苏丽琼¹, 杨智明¹, 卜丹娅³

1. 云南省地方病防治所鼠疫防治科, 云南大理 671000;
2. 鹤庆县疾病预防控制中心, 云南大理 671500;
3. 大理白族自治州人民医院, 云南大理 671000

收稿日期:2022-07-30 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2022-12-09
通讯作者: 卜丹娅,E-mail:511565601@qq.com
作者简介:段彪,男,硕士,主治医师,主要从事鼠疫防治研究,E-mail:dbiao5485@163.com
基金资助:
徐建国院士工作站研究计划项目（2019YS06）；云南省医疗卫生单位内设研究机构科研项目（2018NS0214）

Species composition and population ecological characteristics of main host animals and vector fleas in an emerging field rodent plague focus in Yunnan province, China

DUAN Biao¹, ZHANG Xue-hua², ZHAO Cai-feng², HONG Mei¹, SU Li-qiong¹, YANG Zhi-ming¹, PU Dan-ya³

1. Department of Plague Control, Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China;
2. Heqing County Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan 671500, China;
3. Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China

Received:2022-07-30 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2022-12-09
Supported by:
Academician Xu Jian-guo Workstation Research Project (No. 2019YS06); Internal Research Institutes Foundation of Yunnan Medical and Health (No. 2018 NS0214)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析云南省新发野鼠鼠疫疫源地主要宿主动物和体表寄生蚤种群构成、分布、消长趋势，探讨其种群生态特征与鼠疫流行的关联性，为制订鼠疫预防和控制方案提供科学依据。方法收集2012－2021年云南省鹤庆县马厂村委会监测点鼠疫宿主和媒介蚤监测数据，采用描述性统计方法分析主要宿主动物、蚤类的构成比及消长变化特征。结果调查期内共发现小兽4目6科11属13种。室外布笼86 681个，捕获小兽3 618只，捕获率为4.17%，其中大绒鼠占73.52%（2 660/3 618），齐氏姬鼠占18.71%（677/3 618），大绒鼠和齐氏姬鼠为主要宿主动物和优势种。发现蚤类4科7属7种，共3 082匹。检获大绒鼠和齐氏姬鼠鼠体蚤3 010匹，其中方叶栉眼蚤占87.87%（2 645/3 010）、特新蚤占11.20%（337/3 010）、棕形额蚤占0.86%（26/3 010）；特新蚤和棕形额蚤为主要媒介蚤，方叶栉眼蚤为优势种及次要媒介蚤。结论在鹤庆县新发鼠疫疫源地内，主要宿主动物、媒介蚤的构成和消长趋势等种群生态特征与鼠疫流行密切相关，监测和分析鼠疫主要宿主动物与媒介蚤种群生态特征对鼠疫流行的预测预警具有重要意义。

关键词: 新发, 鼠疫, 宿主动物, 媒介蚤, 种群, 生态特征

Abstract: Objective To analyze the species composition, distribution, and fluctuation trend of main host animals and parasitic fleas on the body surface in an emerging field rodent plague focus in Yunnan province, China, to explore the relationship between the population ecological characteristics and the plague epidemic, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating plague prevention and control programs. Methods The surveillance data of plague hosts and vector fleas were collected at the monitoring site in Machang Village Committee, Heqing county, Yunnan province, 2012-2021. The descriptive statistical method was used to analyze the composition ratio and variation characteristics of the main host animals and vector fleas. Results During the survey period, 13 species of small mammals belonging to 11 genera, 6 families, 4 orders were discovered. There were 86 681 outdoor cages, and 3 618 small mammals were captured, with a capture rate of 4.17%, including 73.52% (2 660/3 618) of Eothenomys miletus and 18.71% (677/3 618) of Apodemus chevrieri. The main host animals and dominant species were E. miletus and A. chevrieri. A total of 3 082 fleas were discovered in 7 species belonging to 7 genera, 4 families. A total of 3 010 fleas were collected on the body surface of E. miletus and A. chevrieri, including 87.87% (2 645/3 010) of Ctenophthalmus quadratus, 11.20% (337/3 010) of Neopsylla specialis and 0.86% (26/3 010) of Frontopsylla spadix. N. specialis and F. spadix were the main vector fleas, and C. quadratus were the dominant species and the secondary vector fleas. Conclusion In the emerging plague focus in Heqing county, the population ecological characteristics of main host animals and vector fleas, such as the composition and fluctuation trend, were closely related to the plague epidemic. It is of great significance for the prediction and early warning of plague epidemic by monitoring and analyzing the population ecological characteristics of main host animals and vector fleas.

Key words: Emerging, Plague, Host animal, Vector flea, Population, Ecological characteristic

中图分类号:

S443
R384.3

段彪, 张雪花, 赵彩凤, 洪梅, 苏丽琼, 杨智明, 卜丹娅. 云南省新发野鼠鼠疫疫源地主要宿主动物、媒介蚤的物种构成和种群生态特征分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(6): 809-814.

DUAN Biao, ZHANG Xue-hua, ZHAO Cai-feng, HONG Mei, SU Li-qiong, YANG Zhi-ming, PU Dan-ya. Species composition and population ecological characteristics of main host animals and vector fleas in an emerging field rodent plague focus in Yunnan province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(6): 809-814.

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云南省新发野鼠鼠疫疫源地主要宿主动物、媒介蚤的物种构成和种群生态特征分析

Species composition and population ecological characteristics of main host animals and vector fleas in an emerging field rodent plague focus in Yunnan province, China

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