2018年甘肃省陇南市健康人群和猪中流行性乙型脑炎血清流行病学调查

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.05.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查陇南市健康人群和猪中流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）病毒IgG抗体水平，为乙脑防控提供实验室数据。方法于2018年10月23日－11月15日开展现场调查。选取礼县、西和县、武都区和徽县为监测点，采用整群分层抽样的方法在4县（区）各抽取3个行政村（社区），选择0～、2～、5～、10～、15～、30～、45～和≥60岁共8个年龄组，每个年龄组随机抽取10人调查。在每个监测点随机选择本年度出生的猪，采集猪血清标本20头（份），应用间接法ELISA检测调查对象乙脑病毒IgG抗体。结果共检测健康人群888人，乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率为91.10%；不同性别、不同地区调查对象间乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）；不同年龄组乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率在86.13%～98.00%，随年龄增长呈下降趋势（χ²_趋势=5.683，P=0.017）；有免疫史和无免疫史人群的乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ²=6.997，P=0.008）。共检测猪240头，乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率为84.17%；不同月龄组猪乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ²=22.090，P<0.001）；不同地区猪乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.893，P=0.345）；养殖场猪和散养猪的乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.360，P=0.037）。结论陇南市健康人群和猪中乙脑病毒IgG抗体阳性率高，应定期开展健康人群和猪乙脑病毒IgG抗体水平监测，完善乙脑监测体系，加强免疫接种，维持乙脑低发水平。

关键词: 流行性乙型脑炎, 健康人群, 猪, 抗体水平

Abstract: Objective To investigate the level of the anti-Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) IgG antibody in healthy people and swine in Longnan,Gansu province,China,and to provide laboratory data for the prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis.Methods An on-site investigation was conducted from October 23 to November 15,2018.Li county,Xihe county,Wudu district,and Hui county in Longnan were chosen as monitoring points.Stratified cluster sampling was performed to select three administrative villages or communities each from the four counties or districts,and then from eight age groups (0-,2-,5-,10-,15-,30-,45-,and ≥ 60 years old),10 people each were randomly selected for investigation.From each monitoring point,pigs born in 2018 were randomly selected,and 20 porcine serum specimens were collected.Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to test the anti-JEV IgG antibody in the subjects.Results A total of 888 healthy people received testing,among whom 91.10% were positive for the anti-JEV IgG antibody.There were no significant differences in the positive rate of the anti-JEV IgG antibody between subjects of different sexes and from different regions (both P>0.05).The positive rate of the antibody ranged from 86.13% to 98.00% across different age groups,and showed a downward trend with age (χ²_trend=5.683,P=0.017).The positive rate showed no significant difference between subjects with immunization history and those without immunization history (χ²=6.997,P=0.008).A total of 240 pigs were tested for the anti-JEV IgG antibody,with a positive rate of 84.17%.The positive rate was significantly different between pigs of different ages (χ²=22.090, P<0.001) and between pigs raised by intensive farming and those by free-range farming (χ²=4.360,P=0.037),but not among pigs from different regions (χ²=0.893,P=0.345).Conclusion The positive rate of the anti-JEV IgG antibody was high among healthy people and pigs in Longnan.We recommend regular monitoring of the anti-JEV IgG antibody level among healthy people and pigs,improve the Japanese encephalitis surveillance system,and strengthen immunization,in order to maintain Japanese encephalitis at a low-incidence level.

Key words: Japanese encephalitis, Healthy population, Swine, Antibody level

中图分类号:

王小军, 蔡玉成, 刘海军, 赵媛坤, 张妍, 李辉, 童波波, 马媛. 2018年甘肃省陇南市健康人群和猪中流行性乙型脑炎血清流行病学调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(5): 701-705.

WANG Xiao-jun, CAI Yu-cheng, LIU Hai-jun, ZHAO Yuan-kun, ZHANG Yan, LI Hui, TONG Bo-bo, MA Yuan. A seroepidemiological survey of Japanese encephalitis in healthy people and swine in Longnan,Gansu province,China,2018[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(5): 701-705.

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