塞罕坝自然保护区蜱媒斑点热群立克次体检测及遗传进化分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.02.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查塞罕坝自然保护区蜱媒斑点热群立克次体（SFGR）的感染情况，分析该地区蜱媒体内SFGR种类并进行同源性分析，为防控蜱媒疾病提供理论依据。方法在塞罕坝自然保护区内采用布旗法收集游离蜱并提取DNA，采用PCR技术对SFGR外膜蛋白A基因（ompA）和柠檬酸合成酶A基因（gltA）进行扩增，对阳性样本进行序列测定，同时构建分子系统进化树进行分析。结果在塞罕坝自然保护区内共采集游离蜱919只，其中全沟硬蜱546只、嗜群血蜱242只、森林革蜱131只。测得SFGR阳性蜱72只，总阳性率为7.8%，其中全沟硬蜱阳性率为6.2%（34/546），嗜群血蜱为9.5%（23/242），森林革蜱为11.5%（15/131）；不同蜱种SFGR感染率差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.261，P=0.263）。分别对ompA和gltA基因进行序列比对，发现该地区存在劳氏立克次体与新塔拉塞维奇立克次体2种SFGR。分子系统进化树（ompA和gltA基因）显示，森林革蜱携带的SFGR与GenBank中劳氏立克次体（AH015610、DQ365804）聚为同一分支；全沟硬蜱和嗜群血蜱携带的SFGR与GenBank中新塔拉塞维奇立克次体（MT667416、MT66740）亲缘关系最近，处于同一分支。结论塞罕坝自然保护区内存在劳氏立克次体和新塔拉塞维奇立克次体，因此对当地蜱以及蜱媒疾病应加强防控，以免对当地人群健康造成威胁。

关键词: 蜱, 斑点热群立克次体, 塞罕坝, 序列分析

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) infection and SFGR species in ticks in Saihanba National Nature Reserve of Hebei province, China, to perform homology analysis for SFGR in ticks, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases. Methods Free-living ticks were collected by cloth dragging in Saihanba National Nature Reserve. After DNA extraction, PCR was used to amplify the outer membrane protein A gene (ompA) and citrate synthase gene (gltA) of SFGR, and sequencing was performed on the positive samples, followed by molecular phylogenetic analysis. Results A total of 919 free-living ticks were collected in Saihanba National Nature Reserve, including 546 Ixodes persulcatus ticks, 242 Haemaphysalis concinna ticks, and 131 Dermacentor silvarum ticks. There were 72 SFGR-positive ticks, with an overall positive rate of 7.8%. The positive rate was 6.2% (34/546) in I. persulcatus, 9.5% (23/242) in H. concinna, and 11.5% (15/131) in D. silvarum. There was no statistical difference in SFGR infection rate between different tick species (χ²=1.261, P=0.263). Sequence alignment of the ompA and gltA genes revealed that two species of SFGR were present in the area, being Rickettsia raoultii and Candidatus R. tarasevichiae. The molecular phylogenetic analyses of the two genes showed that SFGR carried by D. silvarum was clustered with R. raoultii (AH015610 and DQ365804) in GenBank, and the rickettsiae carried by I. persulcatus and H. concinna were clustered with Candidatus R. tarasevichiae (MT667416 and MT66740) in GenBank. Conclusion R. raoultii and Candidatus R. tarasevichiae are present in Saihanba National Nature Reserve. In order to avoid threatening public health, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases in the area.

Key words: Tick, Spotted fever group rickettsiae, Saihanba, Sequence analysis

中图分类号:

R384.4
R376

高杨, 许士奇, 王丽娜, 郭文平, 刘铭. 塞罕坝自然保护区蜱媒斑点热群立克次体检测及遗传进化分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(2): 252-257.

GAO Yang, XU Shi-qi, WANG Li-na, GUO Wen-ping, LIU Ming. Detection and phylogenetic analysis of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks in Saihanba National Nature Reserve, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(2): 252-257.

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