浙江省义乌市2020年山羊寄生蜱监测结果分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的初步掌握浙江省义乌市山羊寄生蜱情况，为蜱及蜱传疾病防控提供依据。方法选择义乌市一群放养山羊，于2020年3－11月，每月下旬对放养山羊体表寄生蜱，采用体表检蜱法进行监测，对收集的蜱鉴定种类并记录数量，分析山羊体表蜱寄生情况。结果 2020年3－11月共监测放养山羊90只，蜱类阳性山羊68只，阳性率为75.56%；捕获蜱311只，蜱指数为3.46；共监测到4种蜱，优势蜱种为镰形扇头蜱，占总数的45.02%（140只），其次为长角血蜱94只，占总数的30.23%。蜱指数3－5月及10月较高，全年幼、若、成蜱均有捕获。同时感染3种蜱的山羊5只，占总数的5.56%；同时感染2种蜱的山羊14只，占总数的15.56%。结论义乌市山羊寄生蜱阳性率较高，全年均有蜱类活动，3－5月和10月是寄生蜱活动的高峰，应引起足够的重视。

关键词: 监测, 山羊, 寄生蜱

Abstract: Objective To investigate the infestation of parasitic ticks in goats in Yiwu, Zhejiang province,China,and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. Methods A herd of free range goat in Yiwu was selected, and the parasitic ticks on the body surface of goats were monitored in the last ten days of each month from March to November 2020. The species of collected ticks were identified and the number was recorded;the parasitism of ticks in goats was analyzed. Results A total of 90 grazing goats were monitored from March to November 2020,among which 68 (75.56%) were positive for ticks. A total of 311 ticks were captured, with a tick index of 3.46; There were 4 species of ticks, the dominant tick species was Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, accounting for 45.02% (n=140) of the total,followed by Haemaphysalis longicornis,accounting for 30.23% (n=94). Tick index was relatively high from March to May and in October. Larval, nymphal, and adult ticks were caught all year round. Five goats (5.56%) were concurrently infected with 3 species of ticks,and 14 goats (15.56%) were concurrently infected with 2 species of ticks. Conclusion The positive rate of ticks in goats is relatively high in Yiwu. Ticks are active all year round,with the peaks in March-May and October. Enough attention should be paid to this.

Key words: Monitor, Goat, Parasitic tick

中图分类号:

R384.4

朱心红, 吴因平, 王金娜, 董选军, 陈莫娇, 楼挺. 浙江省义乌市2020年山羊寄生蜱监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(2): 221-224.

ZHU Xin-hong, WU Yin-ping, WANG Jin-na, DONG Xuan-jun, CHEN Mo-jiao, LOU Ting. An analysis of the monitoring results of ticks in goats in Yiwu, Zhejiang province, China, 2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(2): 221-224.

参考文献

[1] 潘晓倩, 姚广琴, 张忠, 等. 血餐对蜱类共生细菌多样性的影响[J]. 中国病原生物学杂志, 2017, 12(1):99-101. DOI:10.13350/j.cjpb.170123. Pan XQ, Yao GQ, Zhang Z, et al. Effects of bloodmeals on the diversity of symbiotic bacteria in ticks[J]. J Pathog Biol, 2017, 12(1):99-101. DOI:10.13350/j.cjpb.170123.(in Chinese)
[2] Zhang YK, Zhang XY, Liu JZ. Ticks (Acari:Ixodoidea) in China:Geographical distribution, host diversity, and specificity[J]. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol, 2019, 102(3):e21544. DOI:10.1002/arch.21544.
[3] 陈锐, 寇增强, 温红玲. 我国常见蜱传疾病的流行病学研究进展[J]. 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志, 2020, 34(1):102-106. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9279.2020.01.021. Chen R, Kou ZQ, Wen HL. Epidemiological studies of common tick-borne diseases in China[J]. Chin J Exp Clin Virol, 2020, 34(1):102-106. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9279.2020.01.021.(in Chinese)
[4] Zhao GP, Wang YX, Fan ZW, et al. Mapping ticks and tick-borne pathogens in China[J]. Nat Commun, 2021, 12:1075. DOI:10.1038/s41467-021-21375-1.
[5] Soundararajan C, Nagarajan K, Muthukrishnan S, et al. Tick infestation on sheep, goat, horse and wild hare in Tamil Nadu[J]. J Parasit Dis, 2018, 42(1):127-129. DOI:10.1007/s12639-018-0977-z.
[6] 陆宝麟, 吴厚永. 中国重要医学昆虫分类与鉴别[M]. 郑州:河南科学技术出版社, 2003:21-52. Lu BL, Wu HY. Classification and identification of important medical insects of China[M]. Zhengzhou:Henan Science and Technology Press, 2003:21-52. (in Chinese)
[7] 赵国平. 中国蜱类空间分布及其危害预测[D]. 北京:军事科学院, 2018. Zhao GP. Spatial distribution of ticks and their hazard prediction in China[D]. Beijing:Academy of Military Sciences, 2018. (in Chinese)
[8] 李莹, 曾红玲, 王国复, 等. 2019年中国气候主要特征及主要天气气候事件[J]. 气象, 2020, 46(4):547-555. DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2020.04.009. Li Y, Zeng HL, Wang GF, et al. Climatic characteristics and major meteorological events over China in 2019[J]. Meteorol Mon, 2020, 46(4):547-555. DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526. 2020.04.009.(in Chinese)
[9] 田雪斌. 河北省蜱类分布以及优势蜱种群动态和生活史研究[D]. 承德:承德医学院, 2019. Tian XB. Study on species and distribution of ticks and population dynamics and life cycle of dominant ticks in Hebei province[D]. Chengde:Chengde Medical University, 2019. (in Chinese)
[10] 郑寿贵, 叶晓东, 郑海鸥, 等. 金华地区家畜和野生动物体表寄生蜱类调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2007, 18(1):32-34. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-4692.2007.01.011. Zheng SG, Ye XD, Zheng HO, et al. About the ticks parasitizing on domestic and wild animals in Jinhua, Zhejiang province[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control, 2007, 18(1):32-34. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-4692.2007.01.011.(in Chinese)
[11] Scott JD, Clark KL, Durden LA. Presence of Babesia odocoilei and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Stricto in a tick and dual parasitism of Amblyomma inornatum and Ixodes scapularis on a bird in Canada[J]. Healthcare, 2019, 7(1):46. DOI:10.3390/healthcare7010046.
[12] Rynkiewicz EC, Hemmerich C, Rusch DB, et al. Concordance of bacterial communities of two tick species and blood of their shared rodent host[J]. Mol Ecol, 2015, 24(10):2566-2579. DOI:10.1111/mec.13187.
[13] Wang D, Wang YM, Yang GL, et al. Ticks and tick-borne novel bunyavirus collected from the natural environment and domestic animals in Ji'nan city, East China[J]. Exp Appl Acarol, 2016, 68(2):213-221. DOI:10.1007/s10493-015-9992-2.
[14] Li ZF, Bao CJ, Hu JL, et al. Ecology of the tick-borne phlebovirus causing severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in an endemic area of China[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2016, 10(4):e0004574. DOl:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004574.
[15] Luo LM, Zhao L, Wen HL, et al. Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks as reservoir and vector of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in China[J]. Emerg Infect Dis, 2015, 21(10):1770-1776. DOI:10.3201/eid2110.150126.
[16] 胡媛媛. 不同蜱种对发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒传播能力的研究[D]. 合肥:安徽医科大学, 2020. Hu YY. Study on the transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in different tick species[D]. Hefei:Anhui Medical University, 2020. (in Chinese)
[17] 叶小红, 张慧利, 郑建军. 2012-2014年临海市发热伴血小板减少综合征流行特点及病原学监测结果分析[J]. 中国病原生物学杂志, 2015, 10(3):265-267. DOI:10.13350/j.cjpb.150318. Ye XH, Zhang HL, Zheng JJ. Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Linhai from 2012-2014[J]. J Pathog Biol, 2015, 10(3):265-267. DOI:10.13350/j.cjpb.150318.(in Chinese)
[18] 黄怡松, 楼莲青, 盛丽娜, 等. 浙江省义乌市首例斑点热临床分析[J]. 中华临床感染病杂志, 2019, 12(1):56-59. DOl:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2397.2019.01.009. Huang YS, Lou LQ, Sheng LN, et al. Clinical analysis of the first spotted fever in Yiwu city, Zhejiang province[J]. Chin J Clin Infect Dis, 2019, 12(1):56-59. DOl:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2397.2019.01.009. (in Chinese)
[19] 刘玮. 中国新发蜱媒病原体概况[J]. 传染病信息, 2017, 30(1):11-14. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2017.01.005. Liu W. Emerging tick borne agents in China[J]. Infect Dis Inf, 2017, 30(1):11-14. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2017.01. 005.(in Chinese)
[20] 柴程良, 陆群英, 孙继民, 等. 浙江省人和家畜蜱媒传染病血清流行病学调查[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2010, 31(10):1144-1147. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2010.10.016. Chai CL, Lu QY, Sun JM, et al. Sero-epidemiologic investigation on tick-borne diseases of humans and domestic animals in Zhejiang province[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2010, 31(10):1144-1147. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2010.10.016.(in Chinese)