广西壮族自治区2020－2021年登革热媒介伊蚊密度专项调查结果分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解广西壮族自治区（广西）南宁、北海、钦州和百色市的登革热媒介伊蚊密度及季节消长情况，为科学防范登革热提供有力依据。方法根据中国疾病预防控制中心《登革热媒介伊蚊专项调查》要求，2020－2021年采用布雷图指数（BI）法、诱蚊诱卵器法和双层叠帐法对白纹伊蚊幼蚊和成蚊密度进行监测；运用ArcGIS 10.5软件进行媒介伊蚊监测点分布图制作；采用SPSS 16.0软件和单样本t检验的方法进行统计学分析。结果各监测点2020－2021年总BI、诱蚊诱卵指数（MOI）和帐诱指数平均值分别为10.83、9.39和2.04只/（顶·h）。经统计学分析大多数监测点BI法和双层叠帐法监测结果与总平均值比较差异有统计学意义（均P<0.01），诱蚊诱卵器法有一半监测点的MOI与总平均值比较差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。各监测点平均BI值3－11月均>5.00，8月达到峰值（16.73）； MOI平均值4－10月均>5.00，7月达到峰值（20.86）；平均帐诱指数5－9月均>2.00只/（顶·h），7月达到峰值，为4.57只/（顶·h）。结论广西伊蚊密度处于相对较高的水平，建议在7－8月开展伊蚊成蚊密度的防控工作，8－9月开展伊蚊幼蚊的孳生地清理工作，将伊蚊密度控制在安全阈值之下，降低登革热暴发风险。

关键词: 白纹伊蚊, 密度, 登革热, 监测

Abstract: Objective To investigate the dengue vector Aedes density and seasonal fluctuation in Nanning, Beihai, Qinzhou, and Baise, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, and to provide a strong basis for the scientific prevention of dengue fever. Methods According to the "Special investigation of dengue vector Aedes" issued by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the Breteau index (BI) method, the mosq-ovitrap index (MOI) method, and the double-layered mosquito net method were used to monitor the density of larval and adult Ae. albopictus mosquitoes in 2020-2021. ArcGIS 10.5 software was used to plot the spatial distribution of surveillance sites of vector Aedes. SPSS 16.0 software and the one-sample t-test were used to perform the statistical analysis. Results In 2020-2021, the overall mean BI, MOI, and net trap index at all surveillance sites were 10.83, 9.39, and 2.04 mosquitoes/net·hour, respectively. According to the statistical analysis, At most surveillance sites, there were statistical differences between BI and the overall mean BI (all P<0.05), between the net trapping index and the overall mean net trap index (all P<0.05). At half of the surveillance sites, there were no statistical difference between MOI and the overall mean MOI (all P>0.05). The BI at all surveillance sites was higher than 5.00 from March to November, and reached the peak value (16.73) in August. The MOI at all surveillance sites was higher than 5.00 from April to October, and reached the peak value (20.86) in July. The net trap index at all surveillance sites was higher than 2.00 mosquitoes/net·hour from May to September, and reached the peak value (4.57 mosquitoes/net·hour) in July. Conclusion The density of Aedes mosquitoes in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is at a relatively high level. The results suggested it is urgent to carry out the prevention and control of adult Aedes mosquitoes from July to August and the breeding sites cleaning of Aedes larvae from August to September, so as to control the mosquito density below the safety threshold and reduce the risk of dengue outbreak.

Key words: Aedes albopictus, Density, Dengue fever, Surveillance

中图分类号:

魏超, 马海芳, 廖宁, 熊绮梦. 广西壮族自治区2020－2021年登革热媒介伊蚊密度专项调查结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 25-29.

WEI Chao, MA Hai-fang, LIAO Ning, XIONG Qi-meng. An analysis of special investigation results of dengue vector Aedes density in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region， China， 2020-2021[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(1): 25-29.

参考文献

[1] Benedict MQ,Levine RS,Hawley WA,et al. Spread of the tiger:Global risk of invasion by the mosquito Aedes albopictus[J]. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis,2007,7(1):76-85. DOI:10.1089/vbz.2006.0562.
[2] 刘起勇. 我国登革热流行新趋势、防控挑战及策略分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31(1):1-6. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.01.001. Liu QY. Dengue fever in China:new epidemical trend,challenges and strategies for prevention and control[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31(1):1-6. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280. 2020.01.001.(in Chinese)
[3] 赵峥,李昱,牟笛,等. 2016-2018年中国重点省份境外输入性登革热病例的时空分析[J]. 中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(11):1808-1812. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191231-00923. Zhao Z,Li Y,Mou D,et al. Spatial-temporal analysis on imported dengue fever in six provinces of China,2016-2018[J]. Chin J Epidemiol,2020,41(11):1808-1812. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191231-00923.(in Chinese)
[4] 岳玉娟,任东升,刘小波,等. 2014-2018年中国登革热病例空间特征及相关关系研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31(5):517-520. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020. 05.003. Yue YJ,Ren DS,Liu XB,et al. A study on spatial characteristics and correlations of different types of dengue cases in mainland China,2014-2018[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31(5):517-520. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.05.003.(in Chinese)
[5] 欧阳颐,唐小兰,廖宁,等. 广西登革热传播媒介伊蚊防控策略探讨[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2020,26(5):486-488. DOI:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2020.05.024. Ouyang Y,Tang XL,Liao N,et al. Discussion on the strategy for controlling mosquito vector of dengue in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region[J]. Chin J Hyg Insect Equip,2020,26(5):486-488. DOI:10.19821/j.1671-2781.2020.05.024.(in Chinese)
[6] 侯凌欣,鞠翰,展鹏,等. 抗登革病毒药物化学研究新进展[J]. 药学学报,2020,55(4):669-678. DOI:10.16438/j.0513-4870.2019-0787. Hou LX,Ju H,Zhan P,et al. Recent advances in the discovery of dengue virus inhibitors[J]. Acta Pharm Sin,2020,55(4):669-678. DOI:10.16438/j.0513-4870.2019-0787.(in Chinese)
[7] 郭泽强,梁长威,屈志强,等. 广西伊蚊监测情况综述[J]. 医学动物防制,2020,36(4):343-345. DOI:10.7629/yxdwfz202004012. Guo ZQ,Liang CW,Qu ZQ,et al. A review of Aedes surveillance in Guangxi[J]. J Med Pest Control,2020,36(4):343-345. DOI:10.7629/yxdwfz202004012.(in Chinese)
[8] 刘小波,吴海霞,郭玉红,等. 2019年全国媒介伊蚊监测报告[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31(4):401-406. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.004. Liu XB,Wu HX,Guo YH,et al. Annual report on Aedes vector surveillance in China,2019[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31(4):401-406. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020. 04.004.(in Chinese)
[9] 孟凤霞,王义冠,冯磊,等. 我国登革热疫情防控与媒介伊蚊的综合治理[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(1):4-10. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.01.002. Meng FX,Wang YG,Feng L,et al. Review on dengue prevention and control and integrated mosquito management in China[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2015,26(1):4-10. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.01.002.(in Chinese)
[10] 李妍君,陆甲,李艳兰,等. 2020年广西气候概况[J]. 气象研究与应用,2021,42(2):100-104. DOI:10.19849/j.cnki.CN45-1356/P.2021.2.19. Li YJ,Lu J,Li YL,et al. Climate survey of Guangxi in 2020[J]. J Met Research Appl,2021,42(2):100-104. DOI:10.19849/j.cnki.CN45-1356/P.2021.2.19.(in Chinese)
[11] 蔡小双. 温度、相对湿度和光照度对白纹伊蚊生物学参数的影响研究[D]. 广州:暨南大学,2020. Cai XS. A study on the effect of temperature,relative humidity and illuminance on the entomological parameters of Aedes albopictus[D]. Guangzhou:Ji'nan University,2020. (in Chinese)
[12] 王丕玉,董利民,朱国君. 致倦库蚊、白纹伊蚊实验室生活史比较观察[J]. 医学动物防制,2003,19(12):730-731. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6245.2003.12.014. Wang PY,Dong LM,Zhu GJ. Comparative observation on laboratory life history of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus[J]. Chin J Pest Control,2003,19(12):730-731. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6245.2003.12.014.(in Chinese)
[13] 卢耀状,吕忠其,廖克昌,等. 南宁市2014年登革热流行特征及防控效果[J]. 中国热带医学,2015,15(5):578-580. DOI:10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2015.05.018. Lu YZ,Lyu ZQ,Liao KC,et al. Epidemic features and control effect of dengue fever in Nanning in 2014[J]. China Trop Med,2015,15(5):578-580. DOI:10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2015.05.018.(in Chinese)
[14] 廖毓香,梁柱石,罗景贤,等. 2020年广西岑溪市308例登革热患者临床特征分析[J]. 传染病信息,2021,34(5):438-442. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2021.05.012. Liao YX,Liang ZS,Luo JX,et al. Clinical characteristics analysis of 308 patients with dengue fever in Cenxi city of Guangxi[J]. Infect Dis Inform,2021,34(5):438-442. DOI:10.3969/j.issn. 1007-8134.2021.05.012.(in Chinese)

[1]	刘小波, 岳玉娟, 贾清臣, 赵宁, 郭玉红, 赵春春, 梁莹, 王君, 吴海霞, 刘起勇. 2020－2021年我国12省份媒介伊蚊生态学调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 8-15.
[2]	孙钦同, 韩英男, 刘言, 王学军, 刘峰, 赖世宏, 景晓. 山东省登革热媒介白纹伊蚊生态学调查分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 16-20.
[3]	李天奇, 刘钦梅, 吴瑜燕, 罗明宇, 王金娜, 龚震宇. 浙江省登革热重点地区2020年白纹伊蚊幼蚊种群密度监测分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 21-24.
[4]	赵春春, 周欣欣, 李文玉, 伦辛畅, 刘小波, 吴海霞, 王君, 刘起勇, 孟凤霞. 2020年中国13省份登革热媒介白纹伊蚊抗药性监测及分析研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 30-37.
[5]	郑宇婷, 杨春梅, 杨明东, 姜进勇. 云南边境地区登革热媒介伊蚊生态学及抗药性监测[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 38-43.
[6]	涂涛田, 肖汉森, 孟凤霞, 刘起勇, 刘小波, 何亚明, 季恒青. 重庆市2019年登革热暴发疫情应急控制后媒介伊蚊抗药性调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 44-47.
[7]	赵鑫, 刘建华, 张皓. 三峡库区宜昌段1997－2020年鼠形动物监测报告[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 67-71.
[8]	王纯玉, 张家勇, 白玉银, 丁俊. 辽宁省2020年主要病媒生物监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 76-82.
[9]	闫青芳, 赵洪林, 姜健康, 杜桂英, 刘淑霞, 宁吉沪, 陈立勇, 王光伟. 山东省聊城市国家级监测点2018－2020年鼠类监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 100-103.
[10]	伦辛畅, 杨锐, 吴海霞, 王君, 刘起勇, 孟凤霞. 2005－2019年云南省缅甸登革热输入病例流行特征分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 108-113.
[11]	王彦丁, 李志强, 吴迪, 贡鑫然, 杨美涛, 张文义, 王勇. 基于中国知网的2011－2021年中国登革热研究进展与热点分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 114-119.
[12]	周欣欣, 李芬, 段文波, 马欣然, 宋秀平, 吴少英, 孟凤霞. 白纹伊蚊电压门控钠离子通道基因克隆及其生物信息学分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(6): 672-679.
[13]	薛海滨, 孟金霞, 任乐, 景晓. 山东省临沂市2018－2020年白纹伊蚊幼蚊监测与风险评估[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(6): 686-690.
[14]	曹阳, 韦凌娅, 邵汉文, 王慧敏, 孔庆鑫. 2019年杭州市蚊虫监测及生态学特征[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(6): 691-695.
[15]	樊金星, 张叶, 岳思宁, 赵奇, 刘吉起. 河南省2020年蝇类监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(6): 696-699.