山东省登革热媒介白纹伊蚊生态学调查分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2022.01.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2020年山东省登革热媒介白纹伊蚊生态学监测数据，为登革热有效防控提供科学依据。方法 2020年4－11月在全省选择济南、青岛、淄博、烟台、济宁、泰安、聊城、菏泽市为监测点，幼蚊采用布雷图指数（BI）法、成蚊采用双层叠帐法开展媒介伊蚊监测。采用Excel 2010软件进行数据整理，SPSS 19.0软件进行数据分析；采用χ²检验，分析不同生境、积水类型媒介伊蚊孳生情况的差异。结果 2020年山东省白纹伊蚊平均BI为9.64，平均帐诱指数为2.58只/（顶·h）。不同生境类型，以城镇居民区BI最高（12.22），旧轮胎堆放地/废品站/工地帐诱指数最高［3.59只/（顶·h）］。不同的蚊虫监测方法均显示7月上旬－9月下旬白纹伊蚊密度较高。BI法阳性结果最早出现于4月下旬，8月中旬达最高值（27.17），11月下旬BI为0。双层叠帐法监测阳性结果最早出现于5月中旬，8月上旬达最高值，11月上旬帐诱指数为0。在各种积水类型中，地下室及停车场和绿化带垃圾/小积水伊蚊阳性率较高。山东省8个监测点的白纹伊蚊密度不一致，BI最高为聊城市（19.60），最低为烟台市（1.47）；帐诱指数最高为泰安市［8.91只/（顶·h）］，最低为菏泽市［0.29只/（顶·h）］。结论 7月上旬－9月下旬山东省白纹伊蚊密度较高，需要重点加强居民区和旧轮胎堆放地/废品站/工地的灭蚊工作，地下室及停车场和绿化带垃圾/小积水是白纹伊蚊的重要孳生地，白纹伊蚊监测密度较高地区要提高认识，及时采取措施，降低登革热本地暴发的风险。

关键词: 白纹伊蚊, 生态学调查, 登革热, 防控

Abstract: Objective To analyze the ecological surveillance data of Aedes albopictus, the dengue vector, in Shandong province, China in 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods From April to November 2020, Ji’nan, Qingdao, Zibo, Yantai, Jining, Tai’an, Liaocheng, and Heze were selected from the whole province as surveillance sites. The Breteau index (BI) method was used to monitor mosquito larvae, and the double-layered mosquito net method was used to monitor adult mosquitoes. Excel 2010 software was used for data colletion, and SPSS 19.0 software was used for data analysis. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in Aedes vector breeding among various habitats and standing water types. Results In 2020, the mean BI of Ae. albopictus in Shandong province was 9.64, and the mean net trap index was 2.58 mosquitoes/net·hour. In terms of habitat types, urban residential areas had the highest BI (12.22), and used tire dumping grounds/waste stations/construction sites had the highest net trap index (3.59 mosquitoes/net·hour). Both mosquito surveillance methods showed that the density of Ae. albopictus was relatively high from early July to late September. The positive results of the BI method first appeared in late April; BI reached the highest value (27.17) in mid-August and became 0 in late November. The positive results of the double-layered mosquito net method first appeared in mid-May; the net trap index reached the highest value in early August and became 0 in early November. In terms of standing water types, basements/garbage in parking lots and green belts/small puddles had the highest positive rate of Aedes mosquitoes. The eight monitoring sites in Shandong province had different Ae. albopictus densities. Liaocheng had the highest BI (19.60) and Yantai had the lowest BI (1.47). Tai’an had the highest net trap index (8.91 mosquitoes/net·hour) and Heze had the lowest value (0.29 mosquitoes/net·hour). Conclusion The density of Ae. albopictus is high in Shandong province from early July to late September. It is necessary to strengthen the mosquito control in residential areas and used tire dumping grounds/waste stations/construction sites. Basements/garbage in parking lots and green belts/small puddles are important breeding sites for Ae. albopictus. People in areas with high surveillance density of Ae. albopictus should raise awareness and take timely measures to reduce the risk of local dengue outbreak.

Key words: Aedes albopictus, Ecological investigation, Dengue fever, Prevention and control

中图分类号:

孙钦同, 韩英男, 刘言, 王学军, 刘峰, 赖世宏, 景晓. 山东省登革热媒介白纹伊蚊生态学调查分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2022, 33(1): 16-20.

SUN Qin-tong, HAN Ying-nan, LIU Yan, WANG Xue-jun, LIU Feng, LAI Shi-hong, JING Xiao. Ecological investigation and analysis of Aedes albopictus， the vector of dengue fever， in Shandong province， China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2022, 33(1): 16-20.

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