关键词: 鼠疫, 媒介, 监测, 分析

Abstract: Objective To analyze plague surveillance data in Tengchong, Yunnan province, China, 2015-2020, investigate the epidemic situation and host and vector changes of plague, and to provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control. Methods According to "Yunnan Provincial Plague Surveillance Program" and "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Plague Surveillance in Yunnan Province", plague host, vector, pathogen, and serology monitoring were carried out, and the surveillance data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Chi-square test. Results A total of 2 357 small mammals were captured, belonging to 20 species of 15 genera in 6 families under 3 orders. Indoor Rattus tanezumi accounted for 92.27% of the total catch, with a mean density of 0.83%, while outdoor R. tanezumi accounted for 32.91% of the total catch, with a mean density of 1.49%. A total of 1 180 fleas were collected from rodents, belonging to 23 species of 15 genera in 5 families under 1 order. Leptopsylla segnis accounted for 29.24% of the total catch, and Xenopsylla cheopis accounted for 19.15% of the total catch. Only one free X. cheopis flea and five L. segnis fleas were captured. The flea indices of L. segnis and X. cheopis tended to decrease year by year. The density of R. tanezumi outdoors was higher than that indoors. A total of 3 071 liver or spleen specimens of small mammals and 894 specimens of fleas were collected for culture for plague bacteria (Yersina pestis), and 8 436 samples were detected for plague serum F1 antibody. All the samples tested negative. Conclusion In Tengchong, the main hosts and vectors of plague are well controlled, and plague is in a resting period in 2015-2020, but with a relatively high risk of transmission. It is necessary to strengthen surveillance, improve monitoring quality, and raise the emergency response reserve capacity.

Key words: Plague, Vector, Surveillance, Analysis