中国按蚊属蚊虫研究进展

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 按蚊属蚊虫是重要媒介生物，全球已记录8亚属480种，我国已知2亚属62种，是人类疟疾的唯一传播媒介。全球疟疾每年仍致数十万人死亡，多为5岁以下儿童。我国在疟疾控制上取得了重大成效，已消除本地疟疾的传播，获得了世界卫生组织认证，但每年仍有境外输入病例。疟疾的消除得力于有效的媒介按蚊控制措施，也得力于相关的基础和应用科学研究。随着气候和环境变化，主要传疟种类及其生物生态学特征也在发生变化，媒介的监测和控制仍是需要关注的问题。该文概述了我国按蚊属蚊虫的分类和系统发育研究、主要传疟媒介的生态习性及传疟能量、监测和控制现状，为加强媒介蚊虫及其传染病的控制提供参考。

关键词: 中国, 按蚊属, 疟疾, 研究现状

Abstract: The mosquitoes in the genus Anopheles are important disease vector, with 8 subgenera and 480 species known worldwide and 2 subgenera and 62 species in China, and are the unique genus of human malaria vector. The malaria still kills hundreds of thousands of people worldwide each year, with most of them being children under the age of five. China has made a decisive achievement in malaria control, and announced the elimination of local malaria transmission in China. The achievement has been granted by World Health Organization; however there are still imported cases every year. The elimination of malaria stems from effective vector control, as well as basic and applied scientific research relate Anopheles. With the change of climate and environment, the main malaria transmission vector species and their biological and ecological features are also potentially changing, and the surveillance and control of vectors remain an important issue that needs attention. In this paper, the taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Anopheles, the ecology and transmission capability of the major malaria vectors, and the surveillance and control of Anopheles in China are reviewed, in order to provide a useful reference for the control of vector mosquitoes and related infectious diseases.

Key words: China, Anopheles, Malaria, Research status

中图分类号:

R384.1

付文博, 闫振天, 郭静, 陈斌. 中国按蚊属蚊虫研究进展[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(5): 519-525.

FU Wen-bo, YAN Zhen-tian, GUO Jing, CHEN Bin. Research progress of the genus Anopheles of mosquitoes in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021, 32(5): 519-525.

参考文献

[1] Harbach RE. The Culicidae (Diptera):a review of taxonomy,classification and phylogeny[J]. Zootaxa,2007,1668:591-688. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.180118.
[2] Foley DH,Rueda LM,Wilkerson RC. Insight into global mosquito biogeography from country species records[J]. J Med Entomol,2007,44(4):554-567. DOI:10.1093/jmedent/44.4.554.
[3] 付文博,陈斌. 蚊科昆虫分类及区系研究历史和现状概述[J]. 昆虫学报,2018,61(1):122-138. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2018. 01.014.Fu WB,Chen B. Taxonomy and fauna of Culicidae:history and current knowledge[J]. Acta Entomol Sin,2018,61(1):122-138. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.01.014.
[4] Harbach RE. The phylogeny and classification of Anopheles[M]//Manguin S. Anopheles mosquitoes-new insights into malaria vectors.Rijeka:Intech Open,2013:3-55. DOI:10.5772/54695.
[5] Harbach RE. Mosquito taxonomic inventory[EB/OL]. (2021-07-15)[2021-07-19]. http://mosquito-taxonomic-inventory.info/.
[6] Somboon P,Phanitchakun T,Namgay R,et al. Molecular and morphological evidence of sibling species in Anopheles baileyi Edwards (Diptera:Culicidae) in Bhutan and Thailand[J]. Acta Trop,2020,209:105549. DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105549.
[7] WHO. World malaria report 2020:20 years of global progress and challenges[EB/OL]. (2020-11-30)[2021-07-19]. https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme.
[8] WHO. Malaria[EB/OL]. (2021-07-17)[2021-07-19]. https://www.who.int/health-topics/malaria#tab=tab_3.
[9] 于潇,马恩达,张丹丹,等. 1950-2015年全国疟疾流行趋势分析[J]. 热带医学杂志,2020,20(4):478-483. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3619.2020.04.013.Yu X,Ma ED,Zhang DD,et al. Trend analysis of malaria incidence from 1950 to 2015[J]. J Trop Med,2020,20(4):478-483. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3619.2020.04.013.
[10] WHO. From 30 million to zero:China creates a malaria-free future[EB/OL]. (2019-06-18)[2021-07-19]. https://www.who.int/malaria/news/2019/china-from-30-million-to-zero/en/.
[11] 丰俊,周水森. 从控制走向消除:我国疟疾防控的历史回顾[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2019,37(5):505-513. DOI:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2019.05.001.Feng J,Zhou SS. From control to elimination:the historical retrospect of malaria control and prevention in China[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis,2019,37(5):505-513. DOI:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2019.05.001.
[12] 张丽,丰俊,张少森,等. 2017年全国消除疟疾进展及疫情特征分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2018,36(3):201-209.Zhang L,Feng J,Zhang SS,et al. The progress of national malaria elimination and epidemiological characteristics of malaria in China in 2017[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis,2018,36(3):201-209.
[13] 张丽,丰俊,张少森,等. 2018年全国疟疾疫情特征及消除工作进展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2019,37(3):241-247. DOI:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2019.03.001.Zhang L,Feng J,Zhang SS,et al. Epidemiological characteristics of malaria and the progress towards its elimination in China in 2018[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis,2019,37(3):241-247. DOI:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2019.03.001.
[14] 张丽,丰俊,夏志贵,等. 2019年全国疟疾疫情特征分析及消除工作进展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2020,38(2):133-138. DOI:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2020.02.001.Zhang L,Feng J,Xia ZG,et al. Epidemiological characteristics of malaria and progress on its elimination in China in 2019[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis,2020,38(2):133-138. DOI:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2020.02.001.
[15] 张丽,丰俊,涂宏,等. 2020年全国疟疾疫情分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2021,39(4):195-199. DOI:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.02.012.Zhang L,Feng J,Tu H,et al. Malaria epidemiology in China in 2020[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis,2021,39(4):195-199. DOI:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.02.012.
[16] WHO. From 30 million cases to zero:China is certified malaria-free by WHO[EB/OL]. (2021-06-30)[2021-07-19]. https://www.who.int/news/item/30-06-2021-from-30-million-cases-to-zero-china-is-certified-malaria-free-by-who.
[17] Christophers SR. The male genitalia of Anopheles[J]. Indian J Med Res,1915,3:371-394.
[18] Edwards FW. A revision of the mosquitos of the Palaearctic region[J]. Bull Entomol Res,1921,12(3):263-351. DOI:10.1017/S0007485300040207.
[19] Root FM. The male genitalia of some American Anopheles mosquitoes[J]. Am J Epidemiol,1923,3(3):264-279. DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118933.
[20] Edwards FW. Genera insectortum. Diptera,Fam. Culicidae[M]. Brussels:Desmet-Verteneuil,1932:28-57.
[21] Komp WHW. The species of the subgenus Kerteszia of Anopheles (Diptera,Culicidae)[J]. Ann Entomol Soc Am,1937,30(3):492-529. DOI:10.1093/aesa/30.3.492.
[22] Antunes PCA. A new Anopheles and a new Goeldia from Colombia (Dipt. Culic.)[J]. Bull Entomol Res,1937,28(1):69-73. DOI:10.1017/S000748530003830X.
[23] Harbach RE,Rattanarithikul R,Harrision BA. Baimaia,a new subgenus for Anopheles kyondawensis Abraham,a unique crabhole-breeding anopheline in southeastern Asia[J]. Proc Entomol Soc Wash,2005,107(4):750-761.
[24] Harbach RE,Kitching IJ. The phylogeny of Anophelinae revisited:inferences about the origin and classification of Anopheles (Diptera:Culicidae)[J]. Zool Scr,2016,45(1):34-47. DOI:10.1111/zsc.12137.
[25] Feng LC. A critical review of literature regarding the records of mosquitoes in China. Part I. Subfamily Culicinae,tribe Anophelini[J]. Pek Nat Hist Bull,1938,12:169-181.
[26] 陆宝麟,许锦江,俞渊,等. 中国动物志. 昆虫纲. 第9卷. 双翅目:蚊科(下卷)[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1997:1-119.Lu BL,Xu JJ,Yu Y,et al. Fauna Sinica,insecta,vol. 9. diptera:culicidae 2[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1997:1-119.
[27] 闫振天,杨飞龙,付文博,等. 中国按蚊属昆虫名录修订(双翅目:蚊科)[J]. 重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,30(6):36-45. DOI:10.11721/cqnuj20130608.Yan ZT,Yang FL,Fu WB,et al. A revised checklist of Anopheles species in China (Diptera:Culicidae)[J]. J Chongqing Norm Univ (Nat Sci Ed),2013,30(6):36-45. DOI:10.11721/cqnuj20130608.
[28] Collins FH,Mendez MA,Rasmussen MO,et al. A ribosomal RNA gene probe differentiates member species of the Anopheles gambiae complex[J]. Am J Trop Med Hyg,1987,37(1):37-41. DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.1987.37.37.
[29] Audtho M,Tassanakajon A,Boonsaeng V,et al. Simple nonradioactive DNA hybridization method for identification of sibling species of Anopheles dirus (Diptera:Culicidae) complex[J]. J Med Entomol,1995,32(2):107-111. DOI:10.1093/jmedent/32.2.107.
[30] Yasothornsrikul S,Panyim S,Rosenberg R. Diagnostic restriction fragment patterns of DNA from the four isomorphic species of Anopheles dirus[J]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health,1988,19(4):703-708.
[31] Chen B,Harbach RE,Butlin RK. Molecular and morphological studies on the Anopheles minimus group of mosquitoes in southern China:taxonomic review,distribution and malaria vector status[J]. Med Vet Entomol,2002,16(3):253-265. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2915.2002.00373.x.
[32] Chen B,Harbach RE,Butlin RK. Genetic variation and population structure of the mosquito Anopheles jeyporiensis in southern China[J]. Mol Ecol,2004,13(10):3051-3056. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02309.x.
[33] Chen B,Butlin RK,Pedro PM,et al. Molecular variation,systematics and distribution of the Anopheles fluviatilis complex in southern Asia[J]. Med Vet Entomol,2006,20(1):33-43. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2915.2006.00604.x.
[34] Chen B,Pedro PM,Harbach RE,et al. Mitochondrial DNA variation in the malaria vector Anopheles minimus across China,Thailand and Vietnam:evolutionary hypothesis,population structure and population history[J]. Heredity,2011,106(2):241-252. DOI:10.1038/hdy.2010.58.
[35] Harbach RE,Kitching IJ. Phylogeny and classification of the Culicidae[J]. Syst Entomol,1998,23:327-370.
[36] Sallum MAM,Schultz TR,Wilkerson RC. Phylogeny of Anophelinae (Diptera Culicidae) based on morphological characters[J]. Ann Entomol Soc Am,2000,93(4):745-775. DOI:10.1603/0013-8746(2000)093[0745:POADCB] 2.0.CO;2.
[37] Harbach RE,Kitching IJ. Reconsideration of anopheline mosquito phylogeny (Diptera:Culicidae:Anophelinae) based on morphological data[J]. Syst Biodivers,2005,3(4):345-374. DOI:10.1017/S147720000500174X.
[38] Sallum MAM,Schultz TR,Foster PG,et al. Phylogeny of Anophelinae (Diptera:Culicidae) based on nuclear ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences[J]. Syst Entomol,2002,27(3):361-382. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2002.00182.x.
[39] Karimian F,Oshaghi MA,Sedaghat MM,et al. Phylogenetic analysis of the oriental-Palearctic-afrotropical members of Anopheles (Culicidae:Diptera) based on nuclear rDNA and mitochondrial DNA characteristics[J]. Jpn J Infect Dis,2014,67(5):361-367. DOI:10.7883/yoken.67.361.
[40] Freitas LA,Russo CAM,Voloch CM,et al. Diversification of the genus Anopheles and a neotropical clade from the Late Cretaceous[J]. PLoS One,2015,10(8):e0134462. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0134462.
[41] Neafsey DE,Waterhouse RM,Abai MR,et al. Highly evolvable malaria vectors:the genomes of 16Anopheles mosquitoes[J]. Science,2015,347(6217):1258522. DOI:10.1126/science. 1258522.
[42] 张乃心,张玉娟,余果,等. 双翅目昆虫线粒体基因组结构特点及其测序通用引物的设计和应用[J]. 昆虫学报,2013,56(4):398-407. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2013.04.013.Zhang NX,Zhang YJ,Yu G,et al. Structure characteristics of the mitochondrial genomes of Diptera and design and application of universal primers for their sequencing[J]. Acta Entomol Sin,2013,56(4):398-407. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2013.04.013.
[43] Hua YQ,Ding YR,Yan ZT,et al. The complete mitochondrial genome of Anopheles minimus (Diptera:Culicidae) and the phylogenetics of known Anopheles mitogenomes[J]. Insect Sci,2016,23(3):353-365. DOI:10.1111/1744-7917.12326.
[44] Hua YQ,Yan ZT,Fu WB,et al. Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome in Anopheles culicifacies species B (Diptera:Culicidae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA A:DNA Mapp Seq Anal,2016,27(4):2909-2910. DOI:10.3109/19401736. 2015.1060434.
[45] Luo QC,Hao YJ,Meng FX,et al. The mitochondrial genomes of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. pipiens pallens (Diptera:Culicidae) and comparison analysis with two other Culex species[J]. Parasit Vectors,2016,9(1):406. DOI:10.1186/s13071-016-1694-z.
[46] 李旭东,陈斌. 骚扰阿蚊线粒体全基因组序列测定和分析[J]. 昆虫学报,2018,61(1):114-121. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2018. 01.013.Li XD,Chen B. Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Armigeres subalbatus (Diptera:Culicidae)[J]. Acta Entomol Sin,2018,61(1):114-121. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.01.013.
[47] Hao YJ,Zou YL,Ding YR,et al. Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes[J]. Sci Rep,2017,7(1):7666. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-07977-0.
[48] Mao QM,Li TJ,Fu WB,et al. Sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of Anopheles lindesayi and a phylogenetic analysis of the genus Anopheles (Diptera:Culicidae) based on mitochondrial genomes[J]. Acta Entomol Sin,2019,62(1):101-116. DOI:10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.01.011.
[49] 孟庆华. 中国按蚊的分类习性与防治[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社,1957:72-106.Meng QH. The taxonomy biology and control of Chinese anopheline mosquito[M]. Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,1957:72-106.
[50] Hay SI,Sinka ME,Okara RM,et al. Developing global maps of the dominant Anopheles vectors of human malaria[J]. PLoS Med,2010,7(2):e1000209. DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000209.
[51] Sinka ME,Bangs MJ,Manguin S,et al. The dominant Anopheles vectors of human malaria in the Asia-Pacific region:occurrence data,distribution maps and bionomic précis[J]. Parasit Vectors,2011,4:89. DOI:10.1186/1756-3305-4-89.
[52] Sinka ME,Bangs MJ,Manguin S,et al. A global map of dominant malaria vectors[J]. Parasit Vectors,2012,5:69. DOI:10.1186/1756-3305-5-69.
[53] 李菊林,朱国鼎,周华云,等. 江苏省传疟媒介按蚊种群及其密度调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2018,29(1):47-49,52. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.01.012.Li JL,Zhu GD,Zhou HY,et al. Investigation on population and density of Anopheles mosquitoes in Jiangsu province[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2018,29(1):47-49,52. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.01.012.
[54] 陈朱云,谢汉国,肖丽贞,等. 福建省雷氏按蚊历史分布区疟疾媒介种类调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2019,30(3):348-349,353. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019. 03.029.Chen ZY,Xie HG,Xiao LZ,et al. An investigation of malaria vector species in historical distribution areas of Anopheles lesteri in Fujian province,China[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2019,30(3):348-349,353. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019. 03.029.
[55] 龚艳凤,雷蕾,李志宏,等. 江西省2018年传疟媒介按蚊监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31(1):27-31. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.01.006.Gong YF,Lei L,Li ZH,et al. An analysis of surveillance results of malaria vectors Anopheles in Jiangxi province,China,2018[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31(1):27-31. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.01.006.
[56] 蒋诗国,肖邦忠,罗兴建,等. 重庆市按蚊种群调查与主要传疟媒介的研究[J]. 现代预防医学,2009,36(3):551-554.Jiang SG,Xiao BZ,Luo XJ,et al. Investigation of Anopheles population and studies of major vector of malaria in Chongqing[J]. Mod Prev Med,2009,36(3):551-554.
[57] Yu G,Yan GY,Zhang NX,et al. The Anopheles community and the role of An. minimus on malaria transmission on the China-Myanmar border[J]. Parasit Vectors,2013,6(1):264. DOI:10.1186/1756-3305-6-264.
[58] 朱庆,符亚蝶,陈烨丽,等. 海口市按蚊调查和疟疾再传播风险评估[J]. 中国热带医学,2020,20(3):291-294. DOI:10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2020.03.22.Zhu Q,Fu YD,Chen YL,et al. Investigation of anophline mosquitoes and evaluation of malaria re-transmitting risk in Haikou[J]. China Trop Med,2020,20(3):291-294. DOI:10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2020.03.22.
[59] 张井巍,姜进勇,曾旭灿,等. 云南省部分疟疾疫情不稳定地区重要媒介按蚊生态习性研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(1):47-50,54. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692. 2015.01.012.Zhang JW,Jiang JY,Zeng XC,et al. Study of ecological habits of important malaria vectors in epidemic-prone regions of malaria in Yunnan province,China[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2015,26(1):47-50,54. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.01.012.
[60] 丰燕,阮卫,潘金仁,等. 浙江省2012-2017年传疟媒介监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2019,30(5):540-544. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019.05.014.Feng Y,Ruan W,Pan JR,et al. An analysis of surveillance results of malaria vectors in Zhejiang province,China,from 2012 to 2017[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2019,30(5):540-544. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019.05.014.
[61] 赵宁,郭玉红,吴海霞,等. 2019年全国媒介蚊虫监测报告[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31(4):395-400,406. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.003.Zhao N,Guo YH,Wu HX,et al. National vector surveillance report on mosquitoes in China,2019[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31(4):395-400,406. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003. 8280.2020.04.003.
[62] 戴保红,吴荣凤. 1972-1999年扬中市疟疾监测及防治效果[J]. 中国寄生虫病防治杂志,2001,14(4):247. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5234.2001.04.029.Dai BH,Wu RF. Malaria surveillance and its control effect in Yangzhong city 1972-1999[J]. Chin J Parasit Dis Control,2001,14(4):247. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5234.2001.04.029.
[63] 闫冬明,黄坤,赵春春,等. 常用蚊虫监测方法和技术研究进展[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2020,31(1):108-112. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.01.023.Yan DM,Huang K,Zhao CC,et al. Research advances in common methods and techniques for mosquito surveillance[J]. Chin J Vector Biol Control,2020,31(1):108-112. DOI:10. 11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.01.023.
[64] 夏敏,张再兴,Hill N,等. 云南民族民间使用植物驱避蚊虫现况调查[J]. 寄生虫病与感染性疾病,2005,3(2):95-96. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2116.2005.02.028.Xia M,Zhang ZX,Hill N,et al. Investigation on plant applied for anophelifuge among various nationalities in Yunnan province[J]. Parasit Infect Dis,2005,3(2):95-96. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2116.2005.02.028.
[65] 钟肖飞,张华. 艾蒿挥发油对蚊虫防治作用的研究进展[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2020,26(15):214-223. DOI:10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20201616.Zhong XF,Zhang H. Research progress on mosquitoes control by essential oil of Artemisia argyi[J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Formul,2020,26(15):214-223. DOI:10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx. 20201616.
[66] 王玉生,李建伟,张桂芬,等. 遗传不育技术在蚊媒疾病防控中的应用[J]. 生物安全学报,2015,24(2):148-160. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1787.2015.02.008.Wang YS,Li JW,Zhang GF,et al. Application of genetic pest management in the control of mosquito-borne diseases[J]. J Biosafety,2015,24(2):148-160. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1787.2015.02.008.
[67] Zheng XY,Zhang DJ,Li YJ,et al. Incompatible and sterile insect techniques combined eliminate mosquitoes[J]. Nature,2019,572(7767):56-61. DOI:10.1038/s41586-019-1407-9.
[68] 郑小英,吴瑜,张东京,等. 沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia)结合昆虫绝育技术控制白纹伊蚊种群[J]. 南京农业大学学报,2020,43(3):387-391. DOI:10.7685/jnau.202003100.Zheng XY,Wu Y,Zhang DJ,et al. Combining Wolbachia-based approach and sterile insect techniques eliminate Aedes albopictus population in field[J]. J Nanjing Agric Univ,2020,43(3):387-391. DOI:10.7685/jnau.202003100.