中国消除疟疾媒介按蚊控制策略和技术

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.05.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

疟疾是经媒介按蚊叮咬传播的媒介生物传染病，曾给我国造成沉重的疾病、经济和社会负担。经过长期卓有成效的疟疾控制和消除行动，2021年6月我国获得世界卫生组织消除疟疾认证。从新中国成立初的“除害防病”爱国卫生运动，到20世纪80年代的“媒介蚊虫综合治理”，到21世纪初提出的“媒介生物可持续控制”，再到消除疟疾阶段的“疫点处置媒介按蚊控制”，70余年来我国媒介按蚊防控策略不断演进创新，防控技术不断更新完善，在我国消除疟疾中发挥了关键作用。目前，我国为巩固消除疟疾成果，防控疟疾输入引起再传播流行风险，仍面临巨大压力和严峻挑战，务必继续做好境内媒介按蚊可持续控制，更要积极加入全球消除疟疾行动，分享中国疟疾媒介按蚊分层、可持续控制策略和实践经验，为实现“人类卫生健康共同体”美好愿景贡献中国智慧、策略和技术。

关键词: 消除疟疾, 媒介按蚊, 控制, 策略, 技术

Abstract:

Malaria is a major vector-borne disease transmitted by the bite of Anopheles mosquito,which has caused a heavy disease, economical and social burden to China. After long-term effective malaria control and elimination actions,China was officially granted a malaria-free certification by the World Health Organization (WHO) in June 30, 2021. From "Eliminate the four pests to prevent diseases" initiated by the Patriotic Health Campaign Committee in the early years of the founding of the people’s Republic of China,to the integrated mosquito management strategy in the 1980s, to the sustainable vector management proposed in 2004,and then to Anopheles control of the epidemic spot in the stage of malaria elimination,the Anopheles control strategies and techniques in China have been evolved and innovated with stratified sustainable Anopheles control in the past 70 years,which has played a key role in malaria elimination in China. At present,there are still severe challenges and great pressure in controlling the risk of re-transmission caused by malaria importation and maintaining the malaria-free in China. It is necessary to continue to carry out sustainable control of Anopheles in China,and share the stratified sustainable Anopheles control strategies and practical experience for actively participating in the global action to eliminate malaria,so as to contribute Chinese efforts to realizing the vision of a Malaria-Free world and a community of common health for mankind.

Key words: Malaria elimination, Anopheles vector, Control, Strategy, Technique

中图分类号:

刘起勇, 刘小波. 中国消除疟疾媒介按蚊控制策略和技术[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(5): 513-518.

LIU Qi-yong, LIU Xiao-bo. Anopheles vector control strategy and technology for eliminating the malaria in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021, 32(5): 513-518.

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