武汉市2009－2015年家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.04.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查武汉市家蝇的抗药性状况，为合理使用杀虫剂提供科学依据。方法 2009－2015年期间分别从武汉市江岸、江汉、汉阳、武昌4个城区的居民区、农贸市场和垃圾中转站采集野外家蝇，实验室繁殖1～2代后，采用微量点滴法测定家蝇对7种常用杀虫剂的半数致死量（LD₅₀），计算抗性倍数，并采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较不同城区种群间的差异性。结果武汉市4个城区家蝇种群对敌敌畏（DDVP）、甲基吡恶磷和毒死蜱的抗性倍数分别为11.26～20.72、23.21～72.69和49.28～108.20倍；对溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和胺菊酯的抗性倍数分别为251.50～454.50、66.85～129.24、91.43～115.54和4.84～6.80倍。4个城区家蝇种群对7种杀虫剂抗药性差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论武汉市家蝇对DDVP和胺菊酯分别为中、低抗性或敏感，对甲基吡恶磷、毒死蜱、溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯均产生了高抗性或极高抗性，抗药性水平高低与杀虫剂使用程度有关，受地域影响较小。建议各城区在今后的灭蝇工作中要科学合理使用卫生杀虫剂，以延缓家蝇的抗药性。

关键词: 家蝇, 抗药性, 杀虫剂

Abstract: Objective To investigate the insecticide resistance of Musca domestica in Wuhan, China, and to provide a scientific basis for rational use of insecticides. Methods During 2009-2015, wild M. domestica was collected from residential areas, farmers’ markets, and refuse transfer stations in four districts (Jiang'an, Jianghan, Hanyang, and Wuchang) in Wuhan; they were bred in the laboratory for 1-2 generations and then were tested for the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of seven commonly used insecticides using the micro-drip method; the resistance ratios were calculated and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the inter-population differences between different districts. Results The resistance ratios to DDVP, azamethiphos, chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, and tetramethrin of the M. domestica populations in the four districts in Wuhan were 11.26-20.72, 23.21-72.69, 49.28-108.20, 251.50-454.50, 66.85-129.24, 91.43-115.54, and 4.84-6.80, respectively. There were no statistical differences in the resistance to the seven insecticides between the M. domestica populations in the four districts (all P>0.05). Conclusion The M. domestica in Wuhan has intermediate resistance and low resistance (or sensitivity) to DDVP and tetramethrin, respectively, and has high resistance or extremely high resistance to azamethiphos, chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, and beta-cypermethrin; the levels of insecticide resistance are associated with the usage degree of insecticides and are affected by regions to a minor degree. Therefore, it is suggested to apply insecticides rationally in the future fly control in each district, thus delaying the development of insecticide resistance of M. domestica.

Key words: Musca domestica, Insecticide resistance, Insecticide

中图分类号:

陈晓敏, 刘芹, 周良才, 吴丽群, 包继永, 吴太平. 武汉市2009－2015年家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(4): 468-471.

CHEN Xiao-min, LIU Qin, ZHOU Liang-cai, WU Li-qun, BAO Ji-yong, WU Tai-ping. An investigation of resistance of Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Wuhan, China, 2009-2015[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021, 32(4): 468-471.

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