四川省自贡市登革热媒介白纹伊蚊密度监测及其对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解自贡市登革热传播媒介白纹伊蚊季节消长及其对几种常用杀虫剂的抗药性水平，为指导杀虫剂选择和使用，有效防控登革热疫情提供科学依据。方法 2019年5－10月在白纹伊蚊活动高峰期，采用布雷图指数（BI）法和双层叠帐法对自贡市白纹伊蚊密度进行监测，并在全市范围内使用幼虫富集法和人诱成蚊吸蚊器吸取法采集野外白纹伊蚊幼蚊和成蚊，经实验室混合饲养至F1代，使用世界卫生组织推荐的幼虫浸渍法和成蚊接触筒法，分别测定白纹伊蚊幼蚊和成蚊对几种常用杀虫剂的敏感性，利用Excel 2007和SPSS 19.0软件，采用改良寇氏法（Karber氏法）对监测结果进行统计分析。结果自贡市白纹伊蚊活动高峰期为7－10月，全年BI平均值为8.50，帐诱指数平均值为4.50只/（顶·h）。自贡市全年白纹伊蚊密度呈单峰曲线分布，9月最高，不同环境容器间白纹伊蚊平均阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ²=8.094，P=0.231）。白纹伊蚊幼蚊对高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯和溴氰菊酯呈现中等抗药性，对双硫磷和敌敌畏敏感；成蚊对溴氰菊酯产生了抗药性，对高效氯氰菊酯处于可疑抗性水平，对马拉硫磷和残杀威敏感。结论自贡市白纹伊蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂产生了较高水平的抗药性，对有机磷类和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂抗药性水平相对较低，应结合当地实际情况及本次监测结果在登革热流行期间合理用药，提高控制效果。

关键词: 白纹伊蚊, 季节消长, 化学杀虫剂, 抗药性

Abstract: Objective To investigate the seasonal variation of the dengue vector Aedes albopictus and its resistance to several commonly used insecticides in Zigong of Sichuan province, China, and to provide a theoretical basis for guiding the selection and application of insecticides and effectively controlling the epidemic situation of dengue fever. Methods Breteau index (BI) and the double mosquito net method were used to monitor the density of Ae. albopictus in Zigong during the peak time of the activity of Ae. albopictus in May to October, 2019. The wild larvae and adults of Ae. albopictus were collected throughout the city using the larval enrichment method and the human-induced adult mosquito sucking method and were reared to the F1 generation in laboratory, and the larva dipping method and the contact tube method recommended by WHO were used to measure the sensitivity of Ae. albopictus larvae and adults to several commonly used insecticides. Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0 softwares were used to perform the statistical analysis of the monitoring results with the modified Karber's method. Results The peak time of the activity of Ae. albopictus was July to October in Zigong. The mean annual BI was 8.50, and the mean net trap index was 4.50 mosquitoes/net·hour. The density of Ae. albopictus in Zigong showed single-peak curve distribution throughout the year, with the highest density in September, and there was no significant difference in the mean positive rate of Ae. albopictus between different environmental containers (χ²=8.094, P=0.231). The Ae. albopictus larvae showed moderate resistance to beta-cypermethrin, permethrin, and deltamethrin and were sensitive to temephos and dichlorvos, while the adults showed resistance to deltamethrin and suspected resistance to beta-cypermethrin and were sensitive to malathion and propoxur. Conclusion Ae. albopictus in Zigong has relatively high resistance to pyrethroid insecticides and low resistance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, and therefore, insecticides should be used reasonably based on local conditions and the above monitoring results to improve control effect.

Key words: Aedes albopictus, Seasonal variation, Chemical insecticide, Insecticide resistance

中图分类号:

李春燕, 田丰源, 凌远农, 肖崇堃, 张福艳. 四川省自贡市登革热媒介白纹伊蚊密度监测及其对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(3): 307-311.

LI Chun-yan, TIAN Feng-yuan, LING Yuan-nong, XIAO Chong-kun, ZHANG Fu-yan. Monitoring of the density of the dengue vector Aedes albopictus and its resistance to commonly used insecticides in Zigong of Sichuan province, China[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021, 32(3): 307-311.

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