贵州省兴义及赤水市白纹伊蚊抗药性监测分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的掌握贵州省兴义及赤水市白纹伊蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性现状，了解苏云金杆菌以色列亚种（Bti）对赤水市白纹伊蚊幼蚊的杀灭效果，为当地科学制定防治对策及预防媒介伊蚊相关传染病流行提供理论依据。方法于2018年9月及2019年7月先后在兴义及赤水市不同方位的居民区小型积水容器中采集白纹伊蚊幼蚊，经实验室繁殖至F1～F2代，按照世界卫生组织推荐的幼虫浸渍法及成蚊接触筒法对两地白纹伊蚊幼蚊及成蚊进行抗药性监测，判定其抗性程度。结果兴义市白纹伊蚊幼蚊对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯和敌敌畏（DDVP）的抗性倍数分别为44.78、39.18、113.74和2.74倍，赤水市为38.38、24.25、26.37和1.64倍。此外，赤水市白纹伊蚊幼蚊对残杀威和Bti的抗性倍数分别为7.51和1.28倍。兴义市白纹伊蚊成蚊对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯及杀螟硫磷的24 h死亡率分别为27.22%、57.89%、46.75%及100%；赤水市白纹伊蚊成蚊对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯的死亡率分别为53.00%、93.33%和94.40%，对残杀威的死亡率为99.20%。结论两地白纹伊蚊幼蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂均达中抗以上水平，对DDVP敏感。赤水市幼蚊对残杀威属低抗水平，对Bti敏感。两地成蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂为抗性或可疑抗性种群，对杀螟硫磷或残杀威为敏感种群。建议后期两地蚊媒防治工作以综合性防治为原则，及时监测白纹伊蚊的抗药性水平及变化趋势，停用高抗性药物，适当轮换或复配用药，延缓抗药性的产生及发展。

关键词: 白纹伊蚊, 杀虫剂, 抗药性

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of resistance to commonly used insecticides in Aedes albopictus in Xingyi and Chishui cities of Guizhou province, China, to explore the killing effect of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis on Ae. albopictus larvae in Chishui, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of Aedes vector and related infectious diseases. Methods In September 2018 and July 2019, Ae. albopictus larvae were collected from small water containers in communities in different locations of Xingyi and Chishui and were reared to obtain the F1 to F2 generations in the laboratory. The larval dipping method and the contact tube method recommended by WHO were used to investigate the insecticide resistance of Ae. albopictus larvae and adults, respectively, and determine the degree of insecticide resistance. Results The resistance ratios of Ae. albopictus larvae against deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, permethrin, and DDVP were 44.78, 39.18, 113.74, and 2.74 folds, respectively, in Xingyi city, and 38.38, 24.25, 26.37, and 1.64 folds, respectively, in Chishui city. In addition, the resistance ratios of Ae. albopictus larvae against propoxur and B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis were 7.51 and 1.28 folds, respectively, in Chishui. The 24-hour mortality rates of adult Ae. albopictus mosquitoes in Xingyi against deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, permethrin, and fenitrothion were 27.22%, 57.89%, 46.75%, and 100%, respectively. The 24-hour mortality rates of adult mosquitoes in Chishui against deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, and permethrin were 53.00%, 93.33%, and 94.40%, respectively, and the mortality rate against propoxur was 99.20%. Conclusion Ae. albopictus larvae in both cities have developed moderate or above resistance to pyrethroid insecticides and are sensitive to DDVP. Ae. albopictus larvae from Chishui have low resistance to propoxur and are sensitive to B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. In both Xingyi and Chishui cities, Ae. albopictus adults have resistance or suspected resistance to pyrethroid insecticides and are sensitive to fenitrothion or propoxur. It is recommended to adhere to the principle of integrated vector management in both cities, timely monitor the level and changing trend of insecticide resistance of Ae. albopictus, suspend the use of high-resistance insecticides, and adopt an appropriate rotation or combination strategy, so as to delay the development of insecticide resistance.

Key words: Aedes albopictus, Insecticide, Insecticide resistance

中图分类号:

王丹, 史鹏, 赵文平, 闫英, 周敬祝, 田珍灶, 梁文琴. 贵州省兴义及赤水市白纹伊蚊抗药性监测分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2021, 32(3): 302-306.

WANG Dan, SHI Peng, ZHAO Wen-ping, YAN Ying, ZHOU Jing-zhu, TIAN Zhen-zao, LIANG Wen-qin. Monitoring and analysis of insecticide resistance of Aedes albopictus in Xingyi and Chishui cities of Guizhou province, China[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2021, 32(3): 302-306.

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