关键词: 蜚蠊, 种类, 密度, 侵害率, 季节消长

Abstract: Objective To investigate the species, density, infestation rate, distribution characteristics, and seasonal variation of cockroaches in Xi'an, China, and to provide a scientific basis for formulation of prevention and control measures against cockroaches as well as for Patriotic Health Campaign. Methods Six districts (counties) were selected from the east, south, west, and north areas of Xi'an, and six surveillance sites, in hotels, catering industry, supermarkets, residential areas, farmers'markets, and hospitals, respectively, were selected from each district (county). Surveillance was carried out in the middle of odd months in 2018 using the sticky trap method, with the traps placed at night and collected in the morning. The species of cockroaches were identified, and the density and infestation rate of cockroaches were calculated. The Pearson correlation test was used to determine the correlation between the density and infestation rate of cockroaches; the chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in infestation rate between urban and suburban areas; the t test was used to analyze the differences in cockroach density between different months. Results A total of 233 cockroaches were captured, all of which were Blattella germanica. The density and infestation rate of cockroaches were 0.07 cockroach/sheet and 3.85%, respectively. The most severely infested places were farmers'markets and catering industry, 0.15 and 0.13 cockroach/sheet, respectively. The cockroach density showed a seasonal fluctuation, highest in July (0.10 cockroach/sheet); the infestation rate showed a bimodal trend, with the peaks in March (3.81%) and July (5.61%); the density and infestation rate of cockroaches in urban areas were higher than those in suburban areas. Conclusion In 2018, the places most severely infested by cockroaches in Xi'an were farmers'markets and catering industry; the density of cockroaches was the highest in July; the density and infestation rate of cockroaches in urban areas were higher than those in suburban areas. Surveillance is recommended to be continuously strengthened, and prevention and control measures should be reinforced in July. Targeted prevention and control measures against cockroaches should be formulated, especially in farmers'markets and catering industry, to control the density and infestation rate of cockroaches at a lower level.

Key words: Cockroach, Species, Density, Infestation rate, Seasonal variation