三峡库区重庆段鼠形动物种群分布及密度变化研究

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.05.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查三峡库区重庆段鼠形动物种群分布及密度变化情况，分析三峡工程建设对鼠形动物生态产生的影响，了解发生鼠传疾病的潜在风险。方法收集2005－2018年三峡库区重庆段鼠形动物监测资料，采用Excel 2010软件对资料进行描述性分析，SPSS 25.0软件用于线性回归分析。结果三峡库区重庆段发现鼠形动物13种，总密度为1.68%。其中居住区密度为2.01%，优势鼠种为黄胸鼠、褐家鼠和小家鼠；耕作地密度为1.37%，优势种为食虫目小兽、黄胸鼠和褐家鼠。沿长江流向耕作地鼠形动物密度有下降趋势，总密度随时间变化有上升趋势，每年3月达到高峰；黄胸鼠密度随时间变化有明显上升趋势，且居住区上升更为明显。结论三峡库区成库后鼠形动物种群及密度均发生了明显变化，存在鼠传疾病发生和流行的风险，应继续加强鼠形动物监测和灭鼠工作。

关键词: 三峡库区, 鼠形动物, 种群, 密度

Abstract: Objective To investigate the population distribution and density changes of mouse-like rodents in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China, and analyze the ecological influence of the Three Gorges Project on rodents, for an understanding of the potential spreading risk of rodent-borne diseases. Methods The surveillance data of mouse-like rodents in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 2005 to 2018 were collected for descriptive and linear regression analyses by Excel 2010 and SPSS 25.0 softwares, respectively. Results Thirteen species of mouse-like rodents were found in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, with a total density of 1.68%. In residential areas, the density was 2.01%, and the dominant species were Rattus tanezumi,R. norvegicus, and Mus musculus. In cropland, the density was 1.37%, and the dominant species were Insectivora, R. tanezumi, and R. norvegicus. The density of mouse-like rodents in cropland showed a decreasing trend along the flow of the Yangtze river. The total density tended to increase with years, and reached its peak in March throughout the year. The density of R. tanezumi increased significantly with years, especially in residential areas. Conclusion The population distribution and density of mouse-like rodents have changed significantly after the completion of the Three Gorges Reservoir, and there is a risk of occurrence and spread of rodent-borne diseases. Surveillance and control of mouse-like rodents should be strengthened.

Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Mouse-like rodent, Population, Density

中图分类号:

S443
R254.8

何亚明, 毛德强, 季恒青, 李洪, 张春华, 许杰, 吕晓燕. 三峡库区重庆段鼠形动物种群分布及密度变化研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020, 31(5): 580-586.

HE Ya-ming, MAO De-qiang, JI Heng-qing, LI Hong, ZHANG Chun-hua, XU Jie, LYU Xiao-yan. A study of the population distribution and density changes of mouse-like rodents in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,China[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2020, 31(5): 580-586.

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