关键词: 蜚蠊, 种类, 密度, 粘捕率, 季节消长

Abstract: Objective To grasp the species, density, sticky trapping rate, distribution characteristics, and seasonal fluctuation of cockroaches in Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of cockroach control measures and patriotic health work. Methods Six districts (counties) were selected in the east, south, west, and north of Xi'an according to the geographical orientation. Each district (county) selected six surveillance points, i.e., hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, residential areas, agricultural markets, and hospitals. The surveillance was carried out using sticky traps in the nighttime in the middle of odd months. The species of the cockroaches collected were identified; the cockroach density and sticky trapping rate were calculated. The Pearson correlation test was used to test the correlation between the mean cockroach density and mean trapping rate in each month; the chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in sex between adult cockroaches in urban and suburban areas; the t-test was used to statistically analyze the mean cockroach density and mean sticky trapping rate in each month in urban and suburban areas. Results A total of 2 742 cockroaches were captured from 2015 to 2018, of which two were Periplaneta americana and the rest were Blattella germanica. The mean cockroach density was 0.18 cockroaches/sheet, and the mean sticky trapping rate was 4.72%. In 2015, the cockroach density and sticky trapping rate were the highest, which were 0.36 cockroaches/sheet and 7.03%, respectively, and then they basically showed a downward trend year by year. The habitat that was damaged most seriously was restaurant, where the cockroach density was 0.40 cockroaches/sheet and the sticky trapping rate was 8.85%, but supermarkets should be paid attention to. The seasonal fluctuation of cockroach density and sticky trapping rate showed a unimodal trend, with the highest values in July, which were 0.26 cockroaches/sheet and 6.93%, respectively. Seasonal trends in different habitats showed that the cockroach density and sticky trapping rate in supermarkets fluctuated violently, with the highest values in July, which were 1.02 cockroaches/sheet and 13.56%, respectively; the restaurants and agricultural markets remained at a relatively high level from May to September. The mean cockroach density showed a certain correlation with the sticky trapping rate in each month; there was no significant difference in the damage status between urban and suburban areas, but the proportion of female adult cockroaches in the suburban area was much higher than that in the urban area. Conclusion The cockroach density and sticky trapping rate remained at a low level from 2015 to 2018; the surveillance results of different habitats were basically consistent with those in the whole country and other regions, but the seasonal fluctuation trend had some differences; attention should be paid to restaurants and supermarkets. There was no significant difference in the damage status between urban and suburban areas.

Key words: Cockroach, Species, Density, Sticky trapping rate, Seasonal fluctuation