2019年第十一届全国少数民族传统体育运动会病媒生物危害识别与风险评估

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.04.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的评估2019年第十一届全国少数民族传统体育运动会（民族运动会）期间病媒生物危害及媒介生物传染病的发生风险，以及时采取应对措施，有效降低其危害，避免媒介生物传染病的发生和流行。方法通过综合分析风险性事件发生的概率和事件发生后造成的后果，制成风险列表；依据风险评价指数矩阵法综合判断风险的严重程度。结果郑州市奥林匹克体育中心及周边核心区域蚊虫灯诱密度为13.75只/（灯·夜），蝇类笼诱密度为21.20只/笼，鼠类室内鼠迹阳性率为7.08%，未发现蜚蠊。2019年9月民族运动会期间存在媒介生物传染病发生和病媒生物骚扰的风险。媒介生物传染病发生，影响观瞻、环境卫生风险较低；破坏电力设施、引发食物中毒风险为中等；叮咬、骚扰及影响民族运动会开闭幕式效果风险较高。结论通过科学识别、评估病媒生物可能带来的危害风险，采用系统监测、科学防制、应急储备等措施，确保了民族运动会无重大病媒生物危害事件发生。

关键词: 民族运动会, 病媒生物, 危害识别, 风险评估

Abstract: Objective To assess the risk of vector hazards and vector-borne diseases during the 11th National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities in China in 2019, and to take effective measures to reduce such hazards and avoid the occurrence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases. Methods A risk list was formed by analyzing the probability of risk events and the consequence of games events, and the severity of the risk was determined using the risk evaluation index matrix method. Results In the central and surrounding core zones of Zhengzhou Olympic Sports Center, the mosquito density based on mosquito lamp trap was 13.75 mosquitoes/lamp·night, the fly density based on fly trap cage was 21.20 flies/per cage, and the positive rate of indoor rodent tracks was 7.08%, while no cockroaches were found. There was a risk of vector-borne diseases and vector-borne harassment during the Games in September 2019. Vector-borne diseases had a low risk of affecting appearance and environmental health, a moderate risk of destroying electric power facilities and inducing food poisoning, and a high risk of causing sting and harassment and affecting the opening and closing ceremonies of the Games. Conclusion The measures including scientific identification and evaluation of the risk of hazards brought by vectors, systematic monitoring, scientific prevention and control, and emergency preparedness were adopted to ensure that no major hazardous events caused by vectors occurred during the Games.

Key words: National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities, Vector, Hazard recognition, Risk assessment

中图分类号:

R384

阎利敏, 师佳佳, 张月泉, 吕明洁. 2019年第十一届全国少数民族传统体育运动会病媒生物危害识别与风险评估[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020, 31(4): 457-461.

YAN Li-min, SHI Jia-jia, ZHANG Yue-quan, LYU Ming-jie. Hazard identification and risk assessment of vectors during the 11th National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities in China, 2019[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2020, 31(4): 457-461.

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