上海市松江区2017－2018年登革热媒介伊蚊幼蚊监测分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.01.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2017－2018年上海市松江区白纹伊蚊幼蚊密度季节消长、生境分布及空间变化，为当地登革热防控提供参考依据。方法在松江区多个街道（镇）设立监测点，于2017、2018年的4－11月采用布雷图指数（BI）法和诱蚊诱卵器法监测白纹伊蚊密度，每月中旬1次。利用Excel 2003、SPSS 16.0软件进行分析，不同生境的密度差异采用χ²检验，BI和诱蚊诱卵指数（MOI）的相关性采用Pearson相关分析，利用Epi Info 3.5.4软件制作白纹伊蚊密度空间分布地图。结果松江区白纹伊蚊幼蚊密度从4－5月开始升高，6－8月达到高峰，之后逐渐下降，2018年平均BI为7.09，峰值为15.23（7月）；平均MOI为10.61，峰值为18.50（8月），均高于2017年；同期的BI和MOI呈正相关（r=0.881，P<0.001）。不同生境中，BI法监测的居民区白纹伊蚊幼蚊密度最高（BI为8.63），其次是工地和学校；MOI法监测废品收购站白纹伊蚊幼蚊密度最高（MOI为10.53），其次是居民区和其他外环境。2018年松江区15个街道（镇）的平均MOI显示，有1个街道达到区域流行风险，7个街道（镇）达到暴发风险，6个街道（镇）达到传播风险，只有1个镇MOI<5，密度较高区域主要集中在中部及北部街道（镇），整体上登革热发生风险高于2017年。结论松江区登革热发生和流行的风险较高，建议当地相关部门应进一步加强白纹伊蚊监测及其控制，防止输入性登革热病例引起本地病例的发生或疫情暴发。

关键词: 登革热, 白纹伊蚊, 幼蚊密度监测, 上海市松江区

Abstract: Objective To analyze seasonal, habitat, and spatial variation in the density of Aedes albopictus larvae in Songjiang district, Shanghai, China, 2017-2018, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of dengue. Methods Surveillance points were set up in several sub-districts/towns of Songjiang district, and surveillance was done once during the middle ten days of every month from April to November, 2017-2018, using the Breteau index method and mosquito-oviposition trapping method for monitoring the density of Aedes mosquitoes. Excel 2003 and SPSS 16.0 softwares were employed to perform analyses; the chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in mosquito density between different habitats; Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between Breteau index (BI) and mosq-ovitrap index (MOI). Epi Info 3.5.4 software was employed to map the spatial distribution of Ae. albopictus density. Results The larval density of Ae. albopictus in Songjiang district increased from April to May, peaked during June to August, and then decreased gradually. In 2018, BI averaged 7.09 and peaked at 15.23 in July; MOI averaged 10.61 and peaked at 18.50 in August; the values were higher than those in 2017. BI and MOI in the same period were positively correlated (r=0.881, P<0.001). Among different habitats, BI assessment showed that residential areas had the highest density (BI=8.63), followed by construction sites and schools; MOI assessment showed that waste collection stations had the highest density (MOI=10.53), followed by residential areas and other outdoor environment. In 2018, mean MOI data from 15 sub-districts/towns in Songjiang district showed that 1 sub-district had risk of a regional epidemic, 7 sub-districts/towns had risk of an outbreak, 6 sub-districts/towns had spreading risk, and only 1 town had a density of less than 5; the areas with relatively high density were concentrated in central and northern sub-districts/towns. The overall risk of dengue in 2018 was higher than that in 2017. Conclusion The occurrence and epidemic risk of dengue is relatively high in Songjiang district, suggesting that local authorities should further strengthen surveillance and control of Ae. albopictus to prevent the occurrence or even outbreak of local cases caused by imported dengue cases.

Key words: Dengue, Aedes albopictus, Larval density surveillance, Songjiang district of Shanghai

中图分类号:

吕锡宏, 郭晓芹, 费胜军, 庞博文, 冷培恩. 上海市松江区2017－2018年登革热媒介伊蚊幼蚊监测分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020, 31(1): 78-82.

LYU Xi-hong, GUO Xiao-qin, FEI Sheng-jun, PANG Bo-wen, LENG Pei-en. Surveillance of the dengue vector Aedes larvae in Songjiang district, Shanghai, China, 2017-2018[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2020, 31(1): 78-82.

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