江西省2018年传疟媒介按蚊监测结果分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的掌握江西省消除疟疾后传疟媒介按蚊种类及其种群密度情况，为当地疟疾传播风险评估和制定媒介按蚊控制有效措施提供依据。方法 2018年6－10月，在江西省选择平原、丘陵、山区等不同地形的28个疟疾媒介监测点，采用室内外全通宵诱蚊灯捕蚊法进行传疟媒介按蚊调查。通过按蚊种类鉴定，计算各监测点室内外按蚊密度，分析传疟媒介种类组成、室内外及其不同地形按蚊种群密度差异以及季节消长趋势等。结果共捕获按蚊8 665只，均为中华按蚊。其中，室内捕获2 508只，平均密度为8.96只/（灯·夜）；室外捕获6 157只，平均密度为21.99只/（灯·夜）。室内外按蚊数量和平均密度差异均有统计学意义（均t=2.518，P=0.016）。28个监测点中，井冈山市监测点室内、室外按蚊平均密度均最高，分别为66.90和112.80只/（灯·夜），龙南县监测点室内、室外平均密度均最低，分别为0和1.20只/（灯·夜）。平原、丘陵和山区间室内和室外按蚊平均密度差异均无统计学意义（室内F=0.729，P=0.492；室外F=1.586，P=0.225）。室内外密度高峰均为7月上旬，分别为14.32和31.50只/（灯·夜）。结论江西省中华按蚊分布广泛，属于当地优势按蚊种类，种群密度高，存在输入性疟疾传播的风险；建议当地卫生部门加强疟疾监测工作，防止输入病例引起的本地病例发生。

关键词: 传疟媒介, 监测, 种群构成, 江西

Abstract: Objective To master the species and population density of malaria vectors Anopheles after malaria elimination in Jiangxi province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the risk assessment of malaria transmission and development of effective control measures. Methods From June to October, 2018, 28 malaria vector surveillance sites were set up in different terrains such as plain, hilly, and mountainous areas in Jiangxi province. Investigation of malaria vector, Anopheles mosquitoes, was conducted by the indoor and outdoor overnight lamp trapping method. Through identification of Anopheles species and calculation of the indoor and outdoor Anopheles density at each surveillance site, the species composition of malaria vectors and population density difference of Anopheles mosquitoes in indoor and outdoor areas and different terrains, as well as the seasonality of Anopheles mosquitoes, were analyzed. Results A total of 8 665 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured, and all of them were identified as An. sinensis. There were 2 508 An. sinensis captured indoors and 6 157 captured outdoors, with mean densities of 8.96 mosquitoes/lamp·night and 21.99 mosquitoes/lamp·night, respectively. There were significant differences in the number of Anopheles mosquitoes and mean density between indoors and outdoors (all t=2.518, P=0.016). In 28 surveillance sites, Jinggangshan had the highest indoor and outdoor mean densities of Anopheles mosquitoes, as 66.90 mosquitoes/lamp·night and 112.80 mosquitoes/lamp·night, respectively, while Longnan had the lowest mean densities as 0 and 1.20 mosquitoes/lamp·night, respectively. There was no significant difference in either indoor or outdoor mean density of Anopheles mosquitoes between plain, hilly, and mountainous areas (F=0.729, P=0.492 for indoors, F=1.586, P=0.225 for outdoors). The indoor and outdoor mean densities of Anopheles mosquitoes peaked in the first ten days of July, as 14.32 mosquitoes/lamp·night for indoors and 31.50 mosquitoes/lamp·night for outdoors. Conclusion Anopheles sinensis is widely distributed in Jiangxi province, with a high population density, and is identified as the dominant species of malaria vectors, which makes the transmission of imported malaria at potential risk. Therefore, malaria surveillance should be strengthened by the local health authority to prevent local cases caused by imported cases.

Key words: Malaria vector, Surveillance, Population composition, Jiangxi

中图分类号:

R384.1

龚艳凤, 雷蕾, 李志宏, 上官俊, 李紫芬, 郑建刚. 江西省2018年传疟媒介按蚊监测结果分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020, 31(1): 27-31.

GONG Yan-feng, LEI Lei, LI Zhi-hong, SHANGGUAN Jun, LI Zi-fen, ZHENG Jian-gang. An analysis of surveillance results of malaria vectors Anopheles in Jiangxi province, China, 2018[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2020, 31(1): 27-31.

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