关键词: 丝绸之路经济带, 鼠疫, 自然疫源地, 防控对策

Abstract: Co-constructing Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road are major initiatives for China to deepen reform and opening-up, especially opening up to the west. As a core area of Silk Road Economic Belt, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang), once the "pocket bottom" of the inland, has become an important logistics distribution center and transportation hub of the Belt and Road. Such important strategic positioning signifies a major historical opportunity for the substantial development of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang). However, opportunities and challenges coexist. Many countries along the Silk Road are natural foci of plague; in addition, Xinjiang has a natural plague foci of 330 000 square kilometers. With the increasingly frequent exchanges between countries along the Road such as international transportation and tourism, the probability of long-distance transportation of plague-infected animals and their products from plague foci to non-plague foci as well as densely populated areas also increases, which raises the risk of sudden plague outbreaks outside plague foci. In the new era, how to do well in the prevention and control of plague in Xinjiang, how to promote cooperation in plague surveillance, plague prevention and control, and health emergency after plague outbreaks among countries along the Road, and how to boost the development of Healthy Silk Road are particularly important. To this end, this article reviews the risk of plague and its prevention and control strategies in Xinjiang during the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt, with a view to providing a reference for future plague prevention and control.

Key words: Silk Road Economic Belt, Plague, Natural focus, Prevention and control strategies