关键词: 流行性乙型脑炎, 急性脑炎/脑膜炎监测, 流行病学特征

Abstract: Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Baoji, China. Methods The data of JE cases in Baoji from 1952 to 2017 and the surveillance data of acute meningitis/encephalitis syndrome (AMES) from 2013 to 2017 were collected. The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the incidence trend and seasonal/regional/population distribution of JE and the detection of JE IgM in AMES surveillance. The χ² test was used for the analysis of age composition, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 9 807 cases of JE were reported in Baoji from 1952 to 2017, with a mean annual incidence rate of 6.06/100 000; a total of 1 093 death cases were reported, resulting in a mortality rate of 11.15%. The highest incidence rate of 23.06/100 000 was observed in 1975, and the peak of disease onset was in July to August (93.78%). From 1995 to 2004, JE often occurred in students (41.08%), and the patients aged <15 years accounted for 57.24%; Since 2005, when JE vaccine had been included in routine immunization, JE often occurred in peasants (73.36%), and the patients aged <15 years accounted for 15.28%. Conclusion The incidence of JE shows a significant seasonality in Baoji; after the use of JE vaccine, JE occurs less frequently in children less than 15 years old, but mostly in peasants.

Key words: Japanese encephalitis, Acute meningitis/encephalitis syndrome, Epidemiological characteristic