云南省埃及伊蚊地理分布与季节消长

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.04.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解云南省埃及伊蚊的分布情况及季节消长规律，为登革热、寨卡病毒病等疾病的防治研究及媒介控制提供科学依据。方法收集2016年1月至2017年8月云南省22个监测县（市、区）登革热媒介监测数据，对有埃及伊蚊分布地区的数据，采用Excel 2013软件进行描述性分析。结果云南省22个登革热媒介监测县（市、区）中，发现埃及伊蚊的有景洪、勐腊、勐海、瑞丽、耿马、盈江、陇川和沧源8个县（市），共监测796点次，调查40 159户，1 677户有埃及伊蚊；调查积水容器66 192个，其中有埃及伊蚊孳生的容器2 211个；平均布雷图指数（BI）为5.51，容器指数为3.34%，房屋指数为4.18。BI最高为耿马县（10.80），最低为陇川县（0.34）；埃及伊蚊幼虫密度高峰期为5-7月，最高峰为6-7月；幼蚊孳生容器以水桶、轮胎、废弃瓶罐为主，其中在水池（缸）和花瓶内有埃及伊蚊孳生最多的为景洪市，而在轮胎、水桶、废弃瓶罐内埃及伊蚊孳生最多的均为瑞丽市；8个县（市）埃及伊蚊幼蚊季节分布及孳生容器类型略有差异。结论临沧市的埃及伊蚊已向半山区芒卡镇、丘陵地区耿马县城和沧源县城扩散，埃及伊蚊"上山"，向内地深入，对云南省登革热的防控工作将产生深远影响；埃及伊蚊幼蚊的孳生习性及季节分布有一定差异，在登革热防控工作中，应依据不同地区的实际情况制定防治措施。

关键词: 埃及伊蚊, 幼蚊密度, 地理分布, 季节消长

Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution and seasonal variations of Aedes aegypti in Yunnan, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of dengue fever, Zika and other diseases. Methods Collect data on dengue vector surveillance in Yunnan province from January 2016 to August 2017 and use the Excel software to carry out statistical analysis on the distribution of Ae. aegypti. Results Among the 22 dengue vector monitoring counties in Yunnan province, Ae. aegypti distributed in 8 counties i. e. Jinghong, Mengla, Menghai, Yingjiang, Gengma, Longchuan,Ruili and Cangyuan. In total, 796 monitorings were conducted in 8 border counties. Among 40 159 households, 1 677 had Ae. aegypti. Of the 66 192 containers, 2 211 had Ae. aegypti. The overall Breteau index(BI) was 5.51, the overall container index was 3.34%, the overall house index was 4.18. BI in Gengma was up to 10.80, while the lowest for Longchuan was 0.34. Aedes aegypti larval density peak occurred from May to July, its highest peaks were in June and July. The larval breeding containers were mainly water buckets, tires and discarded bottles. The most Ae. aegypti-breeding pools or water tanks or vases were found in Jinghong. The most breeding was noted in the tires, buckets and discarded bottles in the city of Ruili. The seasonal distribution and breeding habitats of Ae. aegypti larvae in eight counties were slightly different. Conclusion Aedes aegypti in Lincang have spread from Mengding to Mangka in the mid-levels, it would go up the hill to the mainland in Gengma county in the hilly area and in the Cangyuan county. The spreading of Ae. aegypti will have a profound effect on the prevention and control of dengue fever in Yunnan province. The breeding habitats and seasonal distribution of Ae. aegypti vary in different areas, and the prevention and control measures should be based on the actual situations.

Key words: Aedes aegypti, Larvae density, Geographic distribution, Seasonal variation

中图分类号:

R384.1

李春敏, 董学书, 杨明东. 云南省埃及伊蚊地理分布与季节消长[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2018, 29(4): 394-396.

LI Chun-min, DONG Xue-shu, YANG Ming-dong. Geographical distribution and seasonal variations of Aedes aegypti in Yunnan province[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2018, 29(4): 394-396.

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