中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 120-123.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2017.02.006

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

卫生杀虫气雾剂对施药者及居住者的最大使用量和安全性分析

魏孝侃1, 王以燕2, 孟凤霞1   

  1. 1 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所媒介生物控制室, 传染病预防控制国家重点实验室, WHO媒介生物监测与管理合作中心, 北京 102206;
    2 农业部农药检定所, 北京 100125
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-27 出版日期:2017-04-20 发布日期:2017-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 孟凤霞,Email:mengfengxia@icdc.cn
  • 作者简介:魏孝侃,男,医师,主要从事杀虫剂安全性评价研究,Email:625188939@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划(2014BAI13B05);国家科技部改革发展专项研发项目(寨卡病毒致病机制及其防控策略研究,2016-06-2017-05)

Analysis on maximum usage and safety of public health insecticidal aerosol to sprayers and residents

WEI Xiao-kan1, WANG Yi-yan2, MENG Feng-xia1   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing 102206, China;
    2 Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture
  • Received:2016-12-27 Online:2017-04-20 Published:2017-04-20
  • Supported by:

    Supported by the National Science and Technology Support Project of China(No. 2014BAI13B05)and Zika Special Project of the MOST Reform and Development Project(2016-06-2017-05)

摘要:

目的 通过计算卫生杀虫气雾剂的最大使用量及风险评估,引导公众科学安全地使用卫生杀虫气雾剂。方法 利用美国环保署卫生杀虫气雾剂安全风险评估模型,在只考虑吸入风险的前提下,用公式反推计算市售10种卫生杀虫气雾剂的室内最大使用量,同时对施药者和居住者进行风险评估。结果 针对施药者,市售1~10号卫生杀虫气雾剂的最大使用量分别为285.94、268.80、52.36、193.75、566.14、937.60、147.69、230.40、222.66和814.86 g/d;针对居住者(成人),市售1~10号卫生杀虫气雾剂的最大使用量分别为83.40、78.40、15.27、56.51、165.12、273.47、43.08、67.20、64.94和237.67 g/d,针对居住者(儿童),市售1~10号卫生杀虫气雾剂的最大使用量分别为20.10、18.90、3.68、13.62、39.81、65.93、10.38、16.20、15.66和57.29 g/d。结论 日常生活中建议在最大使用量以下科学使用卫生杀虫气雾剂,当用量增加时,通过延长开窗通风时间和防护措施来降低卫生杀虫气雾剂使用的安全风险,同时在消费习惯上,选购总有效成分含量低的产品以降低卫生杀虫气雾剂的安全风险隐患。

关键词: 卫生杀虫气雾剂, 最大使用量, 居住者, 施药者, 安全性

Abstract:

Objective Provision of advices to safe use of aerosol insecticide products for residents. Methods The risk for the residents under the extreme usage of aerosol insecticide products was assessed through the space spraying model from US-EPA to compute the extreme usage of the ten most popular prodicts in the market. Results For the sprayers (adult), ten kinds of extreme use of pesticides were 285.94, 268.80, 52.36, 193.75, 566.14, 937.60, 147.69, 230.40, 222.66 and 814.86 g/d. For the adult residents, ten kinds of extreme use of pesticides were 83.40, 78.40, 15.27, 56.51, 165.12, 273.47, 43.08, 67.20, 64.94 and 237.67 g/d. For the juvenile residents, ten kinds of extreme use of pesticides were 20.10, 18.90, 3.68, 13.62, 39.81, 65.93, 10.38, 16.20, 15.66 and 57.29 g/d. Conclusion Safe use of aerosol insecticide products not only can prevent resistance development, but also can minimize risk of professional and environmental exposure.

Key words: Aerosol insecticide, Extreme usage, Residents, Sprayers, Safety

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