关键词: 鼠疫, 监测, 分析

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the growth trend of plague host and vector species in Tengchong city during 2011-2015, and provide the evidence-based proof for the plague control and prevention. Methods The surveillance data of host and vector were collected and sorted through clip cage and 5 m method. Yersinia pestis was cultured and serum F1 was detected to calculate the rate density,flea infection rate and flea indicator. Results In 2011-2015, Tengchong city captured 2 506 small mammals,belonged to 3 orders, 6 families (subfamilies), 15 genera, 22 species. Rattus tanezumi was the predominant species(1 233/2 506, 49.20%). Also 666 fleas were captured, which belonged to 5 families, 7 subfamilies, 15 genera, 19 species with total flea indicator was 0.27 (666/2 506). Leptopsylla segnis (247/666, 37.09%) and Xenopsylla cheopis(128/666, 19.22%) were the main species. The average indoor small mammal density was 0.63%(235/37 080), and the outdoor small mammal density was 2.15%(790/36 690), which have the statistical significance(χ²=229.750, P<0.05). In addition,the two methods also have the statistical significance(χ²=28.470, P<0.05). The highest capture rate for R. tanezumi and X. cheopis were observed in July and September. In total, 702 samples were detected in laboratory, and 2 506 samples and 682 samples of Y. pestis from rodents and flea were cultured but none was positive. Conclusion Tengchong city was plague endemic area. Though the plague was in the stationary phase, the indoor surveillance should be prioritized, along with outdoor surveillance. Also the quanlity of surveillance should be improved to avoid the plague re-emergence.

Key words: Plague, Surveillance, Analysis