TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂质量控制及药效学研究

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2016.03.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的建立高效无毒TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂的质量控制标准,研究TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂的驱蚊效果。方法选用川芎、姜黄、羌活、蛇床子、桉叶、薄荷6种药材的挥发油复方制备TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂,采用薄层色谱法对制剂中的6种成分进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法测定制剂中的藁本内酯含量;采用气相色谱法测定制剂中的薄荷脑含量;根据国标研究TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂的驱蚊作用。结果薄层色谱法可鉴别6种成分,斑点清晰,分离度好;高效液相色谱法测定藁本内酯,在1.08~6.48 μg范围呈现良好的线性关系(r=0.999 6),平均回收率为99.12%,TQ蚊虫驱避剂含藁本内酯≥19.80 mg/ml;气相色谱法测定薄荷脑,在0.175~0.875 μg范围呈现良好的线性关系(r=0.999),平均回收率为99.95%,TQ蚊虫驱避剂含薄荷脑不得少于6.10 mg/ml;白纹伊蚊攻击力实验合格,TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂有效保护时间 > 6 h。结论制定的驱避剂质量标准操作简便易行、准确可靠、灵敏度高、重现性好,可作为TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂的质量控制方法。TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂有效保护时间 > 6 h,达国家驱避剂登记的A级标准。

关键词: 植物挥发油, 驱避剂, 蚊虫, 藁本内酯

Abstract:

Objective To establish the quality standard of TQ natural plant mosquito repellent, and study its efficacy. Methods Volatile oil of Chuanxiong, turmeric, Notopterygium, Cnidium, eucalyptus and peppermint were used to prepare TQ natural plant mosquito repellent. Volatile oil of Turmeric, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, peppermint, eucalyptus and Notopterygium in TQ natural plant mosquito repellent were identified by TLC. A HPLC method to detect ligustilide was established. And the content of menthol was determined by GC. GB/T 13917.10-2009 are adopted to study TQ natural plant mosquito repellent's effect. Results The TLC spots of Volatile oil from Turmeric, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, peppermint, eucalyptus and Notopterygium were clear with good separation. The linear ranges of ligustilide was 1.08-6.48 μg, the average recovery rate was 99.12%, content of Ligustilide must not be less than 19.80 mg/ml; The linear ranges of menthol was 0.175-0.875 μg, the average recovery rate was 99.95%, content of menthol must not be less than 6.10 mg/ml. Test standard was met by Aedes albopictus challenge test, TQ biological repellents protect longer than 6 h. Conclusion The quality standards are simple but accurate, which can be used to control the quality of TQ natural biological repellents. TQ natural plant mosquito repellent sprays has obvious repellent effect, and can protect human from mosquitos for more than 6 h, reaching the A level of the national standard.

Key words: Plant volatile oil, Repellents, Mosquitos, Ligustilide

中图分类号:

沈睿娟, 毛羽, 谭丰, 杨邦祝, 李艳, 徐作军, 舒莎. TQ纯天然植物蚊虫驱避剂质量控制及药效学研究[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2016, 27(3): 283-287.

SHEN Rui-juan, MAO Yu, TAN Feng, YANG Bang-zhu, LI Yan, XU Zuo-jun, SHU Sha. Study on the quality control and repellent efficacy of TQ natural plant mosquito repellent[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2016, 27(3): 283-287.

参考文献

[1] 中国科学院中国动物志编辑委员会. 中国动物志. 第11卷. 昆虫纲. 鳞翅目:天蛾科[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1997.
[2] 林琳,叶萌,周祖基. 植物源驱蚊物质研究进展[J]. 天然产物研究与开发,2007,19增刊:578-581,516.
[3] 胡林,黄晓东,夏坚,等. 灭蚊、驱蚊植8物及其活性成分研究的挑战与机会[J]. 华东交通大学学报,2006,23(2):154-157.
[4] Qiu HC等著. 郑剑,姜志宽,钱万红,译. 广谱昆虫驱避剂DEET的剂型与应用及安全性[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2006,12(2):143-147.
[5] 孟凤霞,郭玉红,张晓越,等. 我国驱蚊花露水及其有效成分[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2012,23(4):277-279.
[6] 危利红,董琳,王玉洁,等. 蚊虫驱避剂驱蚊酯的合成及应用[J]. 广州化工,2014,42(4):94-96.
[7] 薛飞群. 昆虫驱避剂的研究概况[J]. 中国兽医科技,1992,22(8):18-19.
[8] Barnard DR. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera:Culicidae)[J]. J Med Entomol,1999,36(5):625-629.
[9] 杨银书,刘增加,张继军,等. 复方桉叶油素缓释驱避剂的研制[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2004,10(3):162-163.
[10] 杨银书,张继军,第五进学,等. 复方前胡挥发油驱避剂的研制[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2007,13(1):29-30.
[11] 林立辉,方美玉,周惠荣,等. 复方樟脑凝胶驱避剂的药效及安全性评价[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2002,13(6): 413-415.
[12] 刘辉,晏许超,李慧,等. 9种植物精油对白纹伊蚊驱避活性的研究[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2015,21(1):17-20.
[13] 谢秀琼,毛羽,罗海燕. 3-烃基苯酞类化合物在制备驱蚊剂中的应用:中国,CN1300126C[P]. 2007-02-14.
[14] Das NG, Dhiman S, Talukdar PK, et al. Synergistic mosquito-repellent activity of Curcuma longa, Pogostemon heyneanus and Zanthoxylum limonella essential oils[J]. J Infect Public Health, 2015,8(4):323-328.
[15] Klocke JA, Darlington MV, Balandrin MF. 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol), a mosquito feeding and ovipositional repellent from volatile oil of Hemizonia fitchii (Asteraceae)[J]. J Chem Ecol,1987,13(12):2131-2141.
[16] 丁德生,孙汉董. 野薄荷精油中驱避有效成分的结构鉴定[J]. 植物学报,1983,25(1):62-66.
[17] 夏开元,郑金水,郎富和,等. 含有天然植物油的蚊虫驱避剂:中国,CN1046441A[P]. 1990-10-31.
[18] 郝蕙玲,邓晓军,杜家纬. 猫薄荷精油有效成分的提取及其对白纹伊蚊、淡色库蚊的驱避活性[J]. 昆虫学报,2006,49(3): 533-537.
[19] 黄菲,杨光. HPLC测定心痛宁喷雾剂中阿魏酸、肉桂酸的含量[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2015,21(2):74-76.
[20] 张何,史公良,张景云,等. 鼻通喷雾剂的质量标准研究[J]. 中草药,2007,38(10):1495-1497.
[21] 郭静,周春玲. 口腔炎喷雾剂的质量标准研究[J]. 中国药师, 2013,16(3):376-378.
[22] Venter GJ, Labuschagne K, Boikanyo SNB, et al. Assessment of the repellent effect of citronella and lemon eucalyptus oil against South African Culicoides species[J]. J S Afr Vet Assoc, 2014,85(1):992.
[23] 国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典:一部[M]. 北京:中国医药科技出版社,2010:34.
[24] 白林,范金钊,徐风华,等. HPLC法测定复方樟脑软膏中樟脑的含量[J]. 中国药物应用与监测,2014,11(4):212-213, 258.
[25] 张玲,刘友平,李旻,等. 川芎化学成分分离鉴定与藁本内酯的含量测定[J]. 中国药房,2010,21(15):1381-1383.
[26] 郑伟强. 气相色谱法测定寒痹软膏中樟脑、冰片和薄荷脑的含量[J]. 海峡药学,2014,26(5):34-37.
[27] 杜凯,吴文兵,王辉. 气相色谱法对驱风油中薄荷脑等4种有效成分的含量测定研究[J]. 时珍国医国药,2009,20(10): 2592-2593.
[28] 万晓璐,王苏莉,胡晏,等. 避蚊胺包合物霜剂实验室驱蚊效果的观察[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2007,13(6):448-449.
[29] Soonwera M. Efficacy of essential oil from Cananga odorata (Lamk.) Hook.f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) against three mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say)[J]. Parasitol Res,2015,114(12):4531-4543.
[30] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 13917.10-2009 农药登记用卫生杀虫剂室内药效试验及评价第10部分:模拟现场[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2009.