关键词: 狂犬病, 流行因素, 预防处置

Abstract:

Objective To understand the characteristics of rabies in recent 7 years in Shijiazhuang. To analyze the related epidemic factors of rabies and to provide basic evidence for management. Methods Collect the data about rabies in 2008-2014 of Shijiazhuang, analyze the characteristics and related epidemic factors. Results The number of rabies cases was 91 from 2008-2014, among which 83 cases were investigated. The ratio of male to female is 2.96:1, focused on above 40 years old. Mainly cases are famers, occupied 84.61%. Most of cases occurred in May to November, occupied 76.92%. Injury location was associated with incubation period, head bitten ones with the shortest incubation period of the injured. We found 53.01% cases haven't any preventive treatment after exposure. Total 75% of Ⅱ level exposure cases without full vaccination. The antiserum/immune globulin and vaccination were not done at the same time for Ⅲ level exposure cases. All of the animal's hurt cases were dogs, only 1.20% of dogs once were vaccinated. Conclusion The rabies occurred in summer and fall. Main cases are male, famers and above 40 years. The relevant factors as low rate of post-exposure prophylaxis and failed to have finished the necessary post-exposure treatment (PET) of the cases, nonstandard PET in hospital or local clinic, low rabies vaccination coverage in dogs might be responsible for rabies epidemics in Shijiazhuang.

Key words: Rabies, Epidemic factors, Post-exposure prophylaxis