塔里木盆地荒漠型黑热病传播媒介吴氏白蛉的供血宿主调查及分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.02.011

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2015, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 151-154.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.02.011

塔里木盆地荒漠型黑热病传播媒介吴氏白蛉的供血宿主调查及分析

廖力夫¹, 乌守巴特², 章建民³, 燕顺生¹

1 新疆维吾尔自治区实验动物研究中心, 乌鲁木齐830002;
2 新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心;
3 新疆巴楚县50团疾病预防控制中心

收稿日期:2014-10-28 出版日期:2015-04-20 发布日期:2015-04-20
作者简介:廖力夫,男,研究员,主要从事动物自然疫源性疾病调查、鼠类驯化及动物模型开发,Email:liaolif@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(30460120, 30760217)

Investigation and analysis on the blood feeding hosts for vector Phlebotomus wui in desert-type kala-azar of Tarim basin

LIAO Li-fu¹, BATE Wu-so², ZHANG Jian-min³, YAN Shun-sheng¹

1 Research Center for Laboratory Animal of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China;
2 Xinjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
3 Center for Disease Control and Prevention of 50 Tuan

Received:2014-10-28 Online:2015-04-20 Published:2015-04-20
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 30460120, 30760217)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查荒漠型黑热病疫区传播媒介吴氏白蛉的供血宿主, 分析黑热病传播媒介与保存宿主的相互关系。方法在黑热病流行严重的荒漠型黑热病疫区, 调查传播媒介活动期的优势动物种类;采集黑热病传播媒介吴氏白蛉, 用未吸血的雌性吴氏白蛉对自由活动的优势动物和限制活动的优势动物进行吸血实验。结果当地优势野生动物主要有科氏三趾矮跳鼠、毛脚三趾跳鼠、子午沙鼠、塔里木兔和大耳猬。在自由活动的5种受试吸血动物中, 吴氏白蛉只能吸到塔里木兔和大耳猬的血, 吸血率分别为9.5%和3.3%, 其他3种动物吸血率为0。但限制活动的毛脚三趾跳鼠和子午沙鼠均能被白蛉吸血, 吸血率分别为24.6%和2.4%;白蛉主要从动物的无毛部位吸血。结论影响吴氏白蛉对自由活动动物吸血的主要因素是动物无毛部位暴露面积的大小和动物肢体驱赶活动。当动物的肢体驱赶活动被限制时, 白蛉的吸血率升高。吸血实验可查明供血动物的种类、吸血部位、吸血时间和影响吸血原因的调查。通过塔里木兔和传播媒介吴氏白蛉的栖息地分析以及吸血实验, 认为塔里木兔是塔里木盆地荒漠型黑热病疫区传播媒介吴氏白蛉的主要供血动物和保存宿主。

关键词: 吴氏白蛉, 供血动物, 荒漠型黑热病, 塔里木兔, 传播媒介

Abstract:

Objective To investigate hosts of blood meal for vector Phlebotomus wui in desert-type kala-azar of Tarim basin, and analyze interrelation between the reservoir hosts of desert-type kala-azar and the vector. Methods To survey the host species at the period of vector activity in serious epidemic area of desert-type kala-azar of Tarim Basin, catch P. wui of the kala-azar vector, and pick out no blood-sucking female of P. wui. The tests of blood-sucking with P. wui were conducted on five species of the locally available wild animals which were in free activities (free group) and two species of the animals whose activities were restricted. Results Mainly locally available wild animals were tarim hare (Lepus yarkandensis), Hemiechinus auritus, Salpingotus kozlovi, Dipus sagitta and Meriones meridianus. P. wui only fed on L. yarkandensis and H. auritus in the free group, the blood-sucking rates were 9.5% and 3.3%, the others were zero. All the restricted animals, blood feeding on which did not occur when allowed to feed on free moving animals, were fed by P. wui, the blood-sucking rates were 24.6% and 2.4%. Blood-sucking locations were hairless parts of the animals. Conclusion The main factors influencing on P. wui blood-sucking in free group was determined by the hairless area size exposed and body activity of the animals. When the moving activities were limited, the blood-sucking rate rose immediately. The blood-sucking tests found out species of blood-supply animals, the blood-sucking location of the animals, the time of blood-sucking, and the influencing factors of blood-sucking. Through analyzing habitats between tarim hare and vector P. wui, as well as the blood-sucking tests, it is thought that the tarim hare is the main blood supply animal for P. wui of the kala-azar vector and the reservoir hosts in the desert type kala-azar of Tarim basin.

Key words: Phlebotomus wui, Blood feeding hosts, Desert-type kala-azar, Lepus yarkandensis, Vector

中图分类号:

R384.1

廖力夫, 乌守巴特, 章建民, 燕顺生. 塔里木盆地荒漠型黑热病传播媒介吴氏白蛉的供血宿主调查及分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2015, 26(2): 151-154.

LIAO Li-fu, BATE Wu-so, ZHANG Jian-min, YAN Shun-sheng. Investigation and analysis on the blood feeding hosts for vector Phlebotomus wui in desert-type kala-azar of Tarim basin[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2015, 26(2): 151-154.

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塔里木盆地荒漠型黑热病传播媒介吴氏白蛉的供血宿主调查及分析

Investigation and analysis on the blood feeding hosts for vector Phlebotomus wui in desert-type kala-azar of Tarim basin

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