关键词: 狂犬病, 监测, 暴露, 预防处置

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis from 2009 to 2013 in Qingdao, China. Methods The monthly data of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis were analyzed using descriptive method. Results From 2009 to 2013, there was an upward trend in the rabies exposure rate with an average of 518.26/100 000, and the highest rate was 1008.54/100 000 found in the Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone among all the county-level cities and districts. The incidence of exposure was higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter, and the number of incidents from May to October constituted 64.34% of all incidents. The exposure rate was higher in males. The exposure rate in 0-14 years of age was 784.21/100 000 and the highest of all ages. The number of persons with degreeⅡand Ⅲ exposure accounted for 43.38% and 56.62%, respectively, of all exposures. Dog bites constituted 92.94% of all exposures. All exposed persons were inoculated with rabies vaccines and 1.00% of persons with degreeⅢ exposure were given passive immunizing agents. Conclusion During the period of 2009-2013, rabies exposure rate showed an increasing trend year by year in Qingdao. The focus should lie on rabies post-exposure prophylaxis and comprehensive measures must be taken for the prevention and control of rabies.

Key words: Rabies, Surveillance, Exposure, Prophylaxis