关键词: 香格里拉县, 鼠疫, 媒介, 调查

Abstract: Objective To investigate the species composition and distribution of parasitic fleas on small mammals in Shangri-la county, Yunnan province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the study on the epidemic foci of Marmota himalayana plague in the high-altitude areas of Northwest Yunnan. Methods Field investigation was conducted in four landscape areas with altitudes of 2500-4900 m in 6 villages or towns of Shangri-la county during June to July 2011. Small mammals were captured by trap rows, cages (in the daytime), snares, derrick knots, and caves; fleas were collected from them by combing and picking and were then classified and counted. Results A total of 334 fleas (26 species, 15 genera, 7 subfamilies, and 3 families) were collected from the body surfaces of 425 small mammals (21 species, 14 genera, 7 families and subfamilies, and 4 orders). Of the collected fleas, Frontopsylla diqingensis and Ctenophthalmus quadratus were found more frequently, accounting for 33.53% and 13.17%, respectively. It was the first time to detect and collect Callopsylla dolabris and Ceratophyllus silantiewi from the body surfaces and caves of M. himalayana, which were the main vectors in the epidemic foci of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau marmot plague, and the two species accounted for 11.38% and 6.59%, respectively, of the parasitic fleas. Conclusion F. diqingensis is the dominant species in the study areas, distributed at different altitudes and in all the four landscape areas. The nominate subspecies of Neopsylla specialis is not in centralized distribution at any altitude or landscape area, which is different from Yulong and Jianchuan foci of plague. The existence of C. dolabris and C. silantiewi on M. himalayana gives an important clue to the study on the epidemic foci of M. himalayana plague in this area.

Key words: Shangri-la county, Plague, Vector, Investigation