关键词: 遥感, 全球定位系统, 鼠疫, 宿主动物

Abstract:

Objective To map the land coverage by remote sensing, and to investigate the relationship between land coverage and the species diversity and density of small mammals in Beijing. Methods The 2009 land coverage for Beijing was provided by the MODIS Land Cover Type product (MCD12Q1) from NASA. Small beasts were captured using the trap-at-night method during 2009-2011 for species identification and density calculation. Results According to plant functional type (PFT) scheme, the proportion of urban and construction land was 12.19%, and the proportion of cropland was 39.24%. Natural vegetation accounted for 48.27%, of which 31.28% was covered by broadleaf forests, 10.91% by shrubs, and 3.68% by coniferous forests. The area of grass was relatively small, making up only 2.40% of the total area. Eight hundred and eighty one small mammals belonging to 10 species were captured with trap-at-night method. Of which 871 (98.86%) belonged to nine species of rodents and 10 belonged to one species of insectivores. The species compositions were statistically different in three different habitats including broadleaf forest, shrub, and cropland. The dominant rodents in broadleaf forest and cropland were Niviventer confucianus and Apodemus peninsulae, whereas N. confucianus and Rattus norvegicus were dominant in shrub. Conclusion The major hosts of plague confirmed in China could not adapt to the vegetation landscape with high proportion of trees and shrubs and low proportion of grasses in Beijing. Although the dominant rodents could be infected by Yersinia pestis, there is a small chance of natural foci of plague emerging in Beijing.

Key words: Remote sensing, Global positioning system, Plague, Host animals