重要病媒生物及相关传染病综合监测机制探讨

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 7-9,14.

重要病媒生物及相关传染病综合监测机制探讨

霍新北^1,2, 刘起勇³, 康殿民^1,2, 王学军¹, 姜洪荣⁴, 肖太钦⁵, 曹官时⁵, 赵爱华⁶, 石长胜⁶, 郭玉红³, 刘峰¹, 鲁亮³, 吴海霞³, 陈德国⁷

1. 山东省疾病预防控制中心病媒生物防制所,山东济南 250014;
2. 山东省传染病预防控制重点实验室,山东济南 250014;
3. 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,北京 102206;
4. 青岛市疾病预防控制中心;
5. 胜利油田疾病预防控制中心;
6. 泰安市疾病预防控制中心;
7. 山东师范大学生命科学学院

收稿日期:2011-09-03 出版日期:2012-02-20 发布日期:2012-02-20
通讯作者: 刘起勇,Email: liuqiyong@icdc.cn
作者简介:霍新北(1957-),男,主任医师,主要从事病媒生物监测及控制研究工作。Email: sdvbc@126.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项课题(2008ZX10004-010)

Study of comprehensive monitoring mechanisms for critical vectors and related infectious diseases

HUO Xin-bei^1,2, LIU Qi-yong³, KANG Dian-min^1,2, WANG Xue-jun¹, JIANG Hong-rong⁴, XIAO Tai-qin⁵, CAO Guan-shi⁵, ZHAO Ai-hua⁶, SHI Chang-sheng⁶, GUO Yu-hong³, LIU Feng¹, LU Liang³, WU Hai-xia³, CHEN De-guo⁷

1. Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong Province, China;
2. Shandong Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Ji'nan 250014, Shandong Province, China;
3. National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China;
4. Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
5. Shengli Oilfield Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
6. Tai'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
7. Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences

Received:2011-09-03 Online:2012-02-20 Published:2012-02-20
Supported by:
Supported by the Major National Science and Technology Projects of China(No. 2008ZX10004-010)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的为充分发挥病媒生物及相关疾病监测的作用,提高对相关传染病的预防和控制能力,将现行的“病媒生物相关疾病监测”与“病媒生物种群密度监测”整合为病媒生物及相关传染病综合监测,达到公共卫生资源共享及合理配置。方法从4个层次探索综合监测工作机制：①省级疾病预防控制机构应急综合监测机制；②市级疾病预防控制机构常规综合监测机制；③县级疾病预防控制机构常规综合监测机制；④特殊大型企业疾病预防控制机构常规综合监测机制。结果应急监测采集到长角血蜱、森林革蜱和血红扇头蜱共89只,捕获淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊、中华按蚊、白纹伊蚊2000余只；常规综合监测各监测点共捕获蚊虫42 766只,其中淡色库蚊30 871只,占捕蚊总数的72.18%,三带喙库蚊10 211只,占23.88%,中华按蚊1322只,占3.09%,白纹伊蚊89只,占0.21%,其它蚊种273只,占0.64%。各监测点共捕鼠321只,捕获率为2.03%,其中褐家鼠、小家鼠、黑家鼠、黑线姬鼠分别占捕鼠总数的40.81%、36.76%、19.94%和2.49%。黑家鼠均在胶南市捕获。病原学监测结果显示,在应急监测中,病原体检测蜱阳性2只(均为长角血蜱),蚊虫均为阴性；常规综合监测标本送中国疾病预防控制中心。结论媒介生物性疾病监测与病媒生物种群密度监测整合的综合监测机制能够实现疫情信息、媒介标本及病原体检测结果的共享,对媒介性疾病发生流行的预测预警具有重要意义。

关键词: 病媒生物, 媒介生物性疾病, 综合监测

Abstract:

Objective To examine vectors and related disease surveillance, and improve the ability to prevent and control related infectious diseases. To integrate existing vectors-related disease surveillance and vector population density surveillance into a comprehensive monitoring mode, in order to achieve sharing and rational allocation of public health resources. Methods Four levels of comprehensive monitoring mechanisms were explored: 1) Pdisease control and prevention; 2) Municipal disease control and prevention; 3) County-level disease control and prevention; and 4) Disease control and prevention in special large- scale enterprises. Results A total of 89 Haemaphysalis longicornis, Dermacentor silvarum and Rhipicephalus sanguineus were captured during emergency monitoring. A total of 2000 Culex pipiens pallens, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles sinensis and Aedes albopictus were also collected. Routine comprehensive monitoring captured 42 766 mosquitoes, including 30 871 Cx. pipiens pallens, 10 211 Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, 1322 An. sinensis, 89 Ae. albopictus, and 273 other mosquito species, accounting for 72.18%, 23.88%, 3.09%, 0.21%, 0.64%, respectively. Three hundred twenty-one mice were captured at the monitoring spots with a capture rate of 2.03%, including 131 Rattus norvegicus, 118 Mus musculus, 64 R. rattus, and 8 Apodemus agrarius, accounting for 40.81%, 36.76%, 19.94% and 2.49%, respectively. R. rattus were only caught in Jiaonan. Pathogenic surveillance during emergency monitoring found two ticks positive for pathogens and no positive mosquitoes. Specimens from conventional comprehensive monitoring were sent to the national Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Conclusion A comprehensive monitoring mechanism integrating vector-borne disease surveillance and population density monitoring could achieve the sharing of epidemic information, vectors and Results of pathogen detection. This integration would have great significance to the prediction and early warming of vector-borne disease epidemics.

Key words: Vectors, Vector-borne disease, Integrated monitoring

中图分类号:

R384
R183

霍新北, 刘起勇, 康殿民, 王学军, 姜洪荣, 肖太钦, 曹官时, 赵爱华, 石长胜, 郭玉红, 刘峰, 鲁亮, 吴海霞, 陈德国. 重要病媒生物及相关传染病综合监测机制探讨[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2012, 23(1): 7-9,14.

HUO Xin-bei, LIU Qi-yong, KANG Dian-min, WANG Xue-jun, JIANG Hong-rong, XIAO Tai-qin, CAO Guan-shi, ZHAO Ai-hua, SHI Chang-sheng, GUO Yu-hong, LIU Feng, LU Liang, WU Hai-xia, CHEN De-guo. Study of comprehensive monitoring mechanisms for critical vectors and related infectious diseases[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2012, 23(1): 7-9,14.

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