中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 269-272.

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

阿拉山口口岸灭鼠效果回顾性分析及鼠情反弹监控的探讨

尹小平1, 叶志辉1, 彭定希1, 骄娃1, 刘文平1, 阿布都·扎伊尔2   

  1. 1 阿拉山口出入境检验检疫局卫生检疫监管科,新疆 博乐 833418;
    2 新疆出入境检验检疫局
  • 收稿日期:2011-01-28 出版日期:2011-06-20 发布日期:2011-06-20
  • 作者简介:尹小平(1958-),男,副主任医师,从事卫生检疫及鼠防工作。Email: yxpciq@eyou.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家质检总局科技计划项目(2009IK211)

Retrospective analysis of the rodenticidal effect and rodent infestation monitoring at Alataw Pass

YIN Xiao-ping1, YE Zhi-hui1, PENG Ding-xi1, JIAO Wa1, LIU Wen-ping1, Abudu·zhayier2   

  1. 1 Alashankou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Bole 833418, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China;
    2 Xinjiang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
  • Received:2011-01-28 Online:2011-06-20 Published:2011-06-20
  • Supported by:

    Supported by the AQSIQ Science and Technology Projects (No. 2009IK211)

摘要:

目的 总结、评价灭鼠效果、经验和教训,为持续巩固灭鼠成果及鼠情反弹监控提供科学依据。方法 自2005年开始,在口岸城区、郊区及野外阳性点区连续5年的灭鼠、灭蚤,在城区用溴敌隆毒饵,在郊区和野外用人工捕获法、堵洞、投磷化铝和建立砖制溴敌隆毒饵站隔离防护带;将5年前、5年间和5年灭鼠后的鼠情监测结果对比分析。结果2009年在口岸城区鼠形动物密度由5年前的9.0%降至 0.2%,褐家鼠密度由20.0%降至0,染蚤率由93.3%降为0,印鼠客蚤指数由16.27降为0,原有的优势鼠种及媒介印鼠客蚤现已消退,鼠形动物密度是口岸开放20年以来的最低;在郊区灭鼠区鼠形动物密度由6.0%下降到3.0%,野外阳性点大沙鼠密度也由原来的9.0只/hm2下降到2.3只/hm2结论 当前口岸灭鼠措施、技术和药物有效,消除了口岸鼠疫疫情发生的潜在风险;为巩固成果、监控鼠情反弹隐患,探讨了创建口岸鼠防安全五道防线屏障建设。

关键词: 灭鼠效果, 回顾, 鼠情

Abstract:

Objective To collect data on from previous practices for sustainable rodent control and monitoring of potential rodent infestation. Methods Rodent and flea control measures were implemented for five consecutive years in urban, rural and wild locations since 2005. Bromadiolone baits were deployed in urban areas and the pests were manually captured, holes blocked, aluminium phosphide applied and isolation belts made up of bromadiolone bait sentinels built in the suburb and field areas. Rodent infestation monitoring Results before, during and after the five-year control period were compared. Results The rodent density in the urban area dropped to 0.2% in 2009 from 9.0% five years ago, the Rattus norvegicus density to 0 from 20.0%, the flea infestation rate to 0 from 93.3%, and the index of Xenopsylla cheopis to 0 from 16.27. The previously dominant species disappeared including the vector Xe. cheopis. The rodent density hit a record low this year, since the opening of Alataw Pass with a decrease to 3.0% from 6.0% in the rural controlled area. Meanwhile, the Rhombomys opimus density decreased to 2.3/hm2 from 9.0/hm2 in positive field spots. Conclusion The current rodent control strategies have effectively eliminated the potential risk of human plague at Alataw Pass. The establishment of a quintuple anti-rodent guard system is discussed for sustainable rodent control and monitoring for potential infestations.

Key words: Rodenticidal effect, Review, Rodent infestation

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