关键词: 流行性乙型脑炎, 监测, 三带喙库蚊, 宿主

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and to provide the basis for early detection and control. Methods Confirmed cases, suspicious cases, host animals, mosquito vectors and healthy population were monitored according to the National Japanese Encephalitis Monitoring Program. Results From 2005 to 2008, 137 suspected JE cases and 10 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported in the county with an incidence of 0.52/10⁵. No death case was found. All cases were children under 7 years of age and clustered in July. One patent had complete JE vaccination history. The mosquito density began to surge from June, with Culex tritaeniorhynchus being the predominant species accounting for 43.5% of all captured vectors in this area. Two strains of JE virus were isolated from mosquitoes captured in 2007. The time of onset in human was consistent with the spike in mosquito density. The overall infection rate in the host animal swine was 67.4%, and the peak of infection in these animals appeared one month earlier than in human. Conclusion Natural factors in favor of JE epidemics and prevalence of this disease were found in Xianju county. Filling the immunization gap is the most effective way to prevent and reduce the occurrence of this disease. JE monitoring is helpful for early detection and epidemic control.

Key words: Japanese encephalitis, Surveillance, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Host