关键词: 蚤类, 种群, 分布, 寄生关系

Abstract: Objective To find out flea population, distribution and its parasitism in historical plague epidemic area in Zhejiang. Methods Set up surveillance sites in the historical plague epidemic area, and identify the flea caught from mice. Results To detect 19 species of 61 859 rat-shape animals and 21 059 fleas were found on 13 species of rat-shape animal surface. The total infected rate was 12.38% and the total flea index was 0.340. The index of Xenopsylla cheopis was 0.032. 21 054 parasitical fleas belonged to 10 species, 9 genera and 4 families. Of which, Leptopsylla segnis accounted for 54.41%, 20.89% for Monopsyllus anisus and 9.50% for X.cheopis There were 13 kinds of parasitical hosts for L.segnis, 10 kinds for M.anisus and 6 kinds for X.cheopis. The main hosts of these three fleas were Rattus norvegicus and R.norvegicus from which L.segnis, M.anisus and X.cheopis were detected, and the proportion of them was 95.60%, 92.79% and 82.31% of total fleas respectively. Conclusion The dominant fleas were L.segnis, M.anisus and X.cheopis in Zhejiang province, and their main hosts were R.norvegicus and R.norvegicus. These fleas distributed widely and mostly in Zhejiang. As the main vector, X.cheopis parasitizes not only in domestic mice, but also in the wild mice such as R.losea and A.agrarius. It suggested that the main vectors such as X.cheopis should be surveyed intensively to understand its distribution and dynamic diversification in order to provide scientific data for plague prevention and control.