关键词: 钩端螺旋体病, 动物带菌, 流行病学方法, 监测

Abstract: Objective To study the epidemiological features and the situation of Quzhou leptospirosis foci, and provide the control measures of leptospirosis outbreak. Methods Analyze the leptospirosis epidemic situation of 1960-2005 by descriptive epidemiological method in Quzhou. In order to determine the main serogroup of leptospirosis carried by the host animals, we collected kidney samples of rats, teals, pigs, frogs and the serum of teals and frogs as well as the midstream urine of cattle. All samples were used to cultivate the pathogen and test the antibody. Results 11 047 cases were reported in Quzhou from 1960-2005, and the annual incidence was 11.58/100 000. Of which, 72 cases died and the mortality was 0.65%. The cases from July to September accounted for 90.26% of the total, and the farmer patients accounted for 88.20%. The proportion of male to female was 2.74∶1. The Changshan and Kaihua county were the main epidemic area. From 2001-2005, the rat density was 3.93% in the open air, and apodemus agrarius accounted for 51.40% of the total. The positive rate of samples was 0.49% and that of serum antibody was 14.02%. The pathogen of patients serum were mainly hebdomadis and icterohemorrhage, while that of host animals were icterohemorrhage and autumnal fever. Conclusion The leptospirosis incidence mainly affected by local outbreak. The peak of incidence was in summer and autumn, and the high-risk group was the man aged from 20 to 50 years old, especially the peasants. In the recent years, the incidence remained low and the carrier rate of host animals was also low, but because many host animals could carry much bacteria, the risk of outbreak still exist.