关键词: 啮齿动物, 体外寄生虫, 群落, 结构, 分类, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: Objective To grasp the community composition,structure and classification of ectoparasites on rodents in the Tarim Basin. Methods According to geographical division and habitat type the survey sites were selected,rodents were captured by quadrat and their ectoparasites were collected and identified separately. With the method of community ecology,the community constitution and structure parameter of all fleas on the rodents were calculated. The community of ectoparasites on the rodent in the area was classified by way of cluster analysis. Results There were total 351 rodents of 7 species captured in the Basin. And 683 parasitic fleas of 10 species,321 ticks of 3 species,621 mites and 29 lice were obtained. All of that constructed 7 flea-communities of rodents. The flea index,richness and diversity of parasitic fleas of Meriones meridianus were high,which played active role in the constitution and stability of ectoparasite community on rodents in the area. There was complementarity between the ectoparasite community of Salpingotus kozlovi and Meriones meridianus. It was important to keep the community structure of fleas in the Tarim Basin. Conclusion By cluster analysis,the ectoparasite community of 7 kinds of rodents in the Tarim Basin can be divided into 4 types: (1) Ectoparasite community of Brachiones,Apodemus sylvaticus,Cricetulus migratorius and Mus musculus. (2) Ectoparasite community of Salpingotus kozlovi. (3) Ectoparasite community of Euchoreutes naso. (4) Ectoparasite community of Meriones meridianus.