深圳市鼠类及其体表昆虫调查

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的:为了解深圳市鼠及其体表携带蜱、蚤、革螨、恙螨的种群构成、分布。方法:在全市居住区、农耕区、山区设11个点,以整群抽样方法调查,捕获的鼠类经鉴定后采集体表昆虫,计算鼠带虫(蜱、蚤、革螨、恙螨)率和指数。结果:共获鼠形动物625只,捕鼠率为11.07%。啮齿目动物560只,分1科3属10种,其中褐家鼠占65.71%;食虫目动物65只,分1科1属1种。蜱分2属2种,粒形硬蜱占87.29%;蚤分3属3种,印鼠客蚤占98.56%;革螨分2属3种,毒厉螨占91.94%;恙螨分4属6种,西沙无前恙螨占27.12%。鼠带蜱、蚤、革螨、恙螨率分别为7.09%、9.29%、15.37%、7.40%,指数分别是0.17、0.30、0.80、1.28。结论:居住区的优势鼠种是褐家鼠,农耕区的优势鼠种是褐家鼠、黄毛鼠、黄胸鼠,山区优势鼠种是褐家鼠、施氏屋顶鼠。粒形硬蜱、印鼠客蚤、毒厉螨、西沙无前恙螨分别是蜱类、蚤类、革螨、恙螨的优势种,蜱、蚤、革螨、恙螨主要寄主分别是施氏屋顶鼠、黄胸鼠、黄毛鼠、施氏屋顶鼠。

关键词: 鼠, 蜱, 蚤, 革螨, 恙螨

Abstract: Objective:To investigate the population,constitution and distribution of rat and tick,flea,gamasid and jigger on its body surface in Shenzhen.Methods:11 places were selected to capture mice at the populated areas,farming areas and mountain areas through chuster sampling;the captured mice was identified and then,the insects on their body surfaces were collected to calculate the insect(tick,flea,gamasid and jigger) carrying rate and index.Results:625 mouse-like animals were captured and the capture rate was 11.07%,in which 560 were Order Rodentia animals and they belong to 1 family,3 genera and 10 species,and 65.71% were Rattus norvegicus;65 were Order Insectivorora animals and they belong to 1 family,1 genus and 1 species.Ticks belong to 2 genera and 2 species and 87.29% were Ixodes granulatus;Fleas belong to 3 genera and 3 species,98.56% of them were Xenopsylla cheopis;Gamasids belong to 2 genera and 3 species and 91.94% were Laelaps echidninus;Jiggers belong to 4 genera and 6 species and 27.12% were Walchia xishaensis;The insect carrying rates of the mice were 7.09%(tick),9.29%(flea),25.37%(gamasid) 7.40%(jigger) and the index were 0.17,0.30,0.80,1.28 respectively.Conclusions:The dominant rat at populated areas is Rattus norvegicus;The dominant rat at farming areas is Rattus norvegicus,Rattus losea and Rattus flavipectus;The dominant rat at mountain areas is Rattus norvegicus and Rattus sladeni;Ixodes granulatus,Xenopsylla cheopis,Laelaps echidninus and Walchia xishaensis are the dominant strains of tick,flea,gamasid and jigger respectively;their major host are Rattus sladeni,Rattus flavipectus,Rattus losea and Rattus sladeni respectively.

刘名中;陈戊申;古伟志;邓佛成. 深圳市鼠类及其体表昆虫调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志.

LIU Ming-zhong; CHEN Wu-shen; GU Wei-zhi; et al. Investigation on Rat and Insects on Its Body Surface in Shenzhen[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control.

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深圳市鼠类及其体表昆虫调查

Investigation on Rat and Insects on Its Body Surface in Shenzhen

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