中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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中国20个省、区、市动物莱姆病初步调查研究

万康林; 张哲夫; 张金声; 窦桂兰; 王宏英; 侯学霞; 朱桂凤   

  1. 中国预防医学科学院流行病学微生物学研究所 北京102206
  • 出版日期:1998-10-20 发布日期:1998-10-20

Preliminary Investigation on Lyme Disease in Animals in 20 Provinces,Cities and Autonomous Regions of China.

Wan Kang-lin;Zhang Zhe-fu;Zhang Jin-sheng;et al   

  1. Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Preventive.Medicine,Beijing 102206
  • Online:1998-10-20 Published:1998-10-20

摘要: 目的:广泛调查我国动物莱姆病分布情况。方法:血清流行病学和病原学研究。结果:1987~1997年间,牛、羊、狗、野兔和8种野鼠有莱姆病的感染存在,其中牛、羊、狗和野鼠的感染率分别为18.18%~32.61%、17.12%~61.21%、38.5%~60.00%和41.18%~86.05%;从黑线姬鼠和白腹巨鼠的胎鼠分离到莱姆病螺旋体,证实莱姆病螺旋体可通过胎盘垂直传播。9种蜱的中肠携带莱姆病螺旋体,带菌率以全沟硬蜱、二棘血蜱和粒形硬蜱为高,分别为20.00%~45.00%、16.00%~40.00%和24.00%。从华南兔、8种野鼠和8种蜱分离出128株莱姆病螺旋体。证实黑线姬鼠和棕背是中国莱姆病螺旋体的重要储存宿主;多种蜱的中肠内携带莱姆病螺旋体,我国北方林区莱姆病螺旋体的主要生物媒介是全沟硬蜱,南方林区二棘血蜱和粒形硬蜱是重要的生物媒介。结论:我国动物莱姆病广泛存在。

关键词: 莱姆病, 莱姆病螺旋体, 全沟硬蜱, 黑线姬鼠

Abstract: From 1987 to 1997,Lyme disease in animals was investigated in 20 provinces,cities and autonomous regions of China.Seroepidemiological findings indicated that some cattle,sheep,dogs and rats from forest areas had a high antibody titer for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B.b.s.l.) (B31) with positive rate 18.18%~32.61%,17.21%~61.21%,38.5%~60.00% and 41.18%~86.05%.With BSK medium,128 strains of B.b.s.l. were isolated from 8 species of rodents,8 species of ticks and Caprolagus sinensis. Vertical transmission of B.b.s.l. was confirmed with B.b.s.l. isolated from foetuses of Apodemus agrarius and Rattus edwardsi.The results showed that Lyme disease spirochetes,B.b.s.l.,might be naturally maintained in an enzootic cycle by transplacental transmission.20.00% to 45.00% adult Ixodes persulcatus,16.00% to 40.00% adult Haemaphysalis bispinosis and 24.00% adult Ixodes granulatus contained spirochetes as determined by direct immunofluorescence.Apodemus agrarius and Clethrionomys rufocanus might serve as major reservoir hosts for B.b.s.l. in China.Ixodes persulcatus played a leading role in the transmission of B.b.s.l. to human in northern region of China.Haemaphysalis bispinosis and Ixodes granulatus were proved to be important vectors of B.b.s.l.in the southern area of China.